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Resultados de la búsqueda

Mostrando ítems 1 a 9 de 34.
  1. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Febrero, 2016
    Argentina

    The Iberá wetlands, located in La Plata Basin, is a fragile ecosystem habitat of several species of flora and fauna and it also constitutes one of the largest inland freshwater of the world. In this study the hydroclimatologic response to projected climatic changes in the Iberá wetlands is assessed. Bias corrected temperature and precipitation data from four Regional Climate Models (RCMs) developed for the CLARIS-LPB project were used to drive the calibrated Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model for different time slices.

  2. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2012
    Brasil

    Detailed, up-to-date information on intra-urban land cover is important for urban planning and management. Differentiation between permeable and impermeable land, for instance, provides data for surface run-off estimates and flood prevention, whereas identification of vegetated areas enables studies of urban micro-climates. In place of maps, high-resolution images, such as those from the satellites IKONOS II, Quickbird, Orbview and WorldView II, can be used after processing.

  3. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2012
    Etiopía, Brasil, Filipinas

    This study analyzed examples of sustainable ecosystem-based agriculture where management methods supported livelihoods of smallholders while at the same time local ecosystem services were enhanced in Ethiopia, Brazil, and the Philippines. Participation by farmers and collective actions were found to be a crucial driving force, as local specific knowledge and “learning by doing” were main components of the development. Social cohesion, particularly through associations and cooperatives, and improved marketing opportunities were also important drivers.

  4. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2013
    Brasil, Global

    Remote sensing is considered the most effective tool for estimating evapotranspiration (ET) over large spatial scales. Global terrestrial ET estimates over vegetated land surfaces are now operationally produced at 1-km spatial resolution using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the MOD16 algorithm. To evaluate the accuracy of this product, ground-based measurements of energy fluxes obtained from eddy covariance sites installed in tropical biomes and from a hydrological model (MGB-IPH) were used to validate MOD16 products at local and regional scales.

  5. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2015
    Brasil

    Irrigation-induced soil salinization is an important land degradation process in northeastern Brazil. We used multispectral and hyperspectral sensors to detect saline-exposed soils in an area cultivated with irrigated rice. Spectral mixture analysis (SMA) was applied to Operational Land Imager (OLI)/Landsat-8 data to identify exposed soils. By measuring the electrical conductivity (EC) of soil samples from 53 sites, we classified them into saline and non-saline.

  6. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2014
    Guyana

    Colonial governments asserted sovereignty and property rights gradually over the territory of Guyana, disregarding preexisting Indigenous Rights. Although a Forest Department modeled on the Indian Forest Service was established, there was no equivalent settlement process to determine the rights of forest peoples. State Forest area is declared by administrative fiat. These two elements have enabled State-endorsed forestland grabbing. Logging was scattered and selective until the early 1980s.

  7. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2015
    Guatemala

    Cloud forest in the Central Highlands of Guatemala provides important ecosystem services for the Q’eqchi’ Maya but has been disappearing at an increasing rate in recent decades. This research documents changes in cloud forest cover, explores some contributing factors to deforestation, and considers forest preservation and food security implications for Q’eqchi’ communities. We used a transdisciplinary framework that synthesized remote sensing/GIS analysis of land cover change, focus group dialogs, and surveys.

  8. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2012
    Guatemala

    The existing legal framework for water resources management in Guatemala is obsolete, inconsistent and not enforced. To bridge the gap, many indigenous and non-indigenous communities throughout the country successfully regulate water use through oral or written bylaws. This paper classifies the rules and practices adopted by local communities in order to define their scope and anticipate options to recognize customary water rights in future statutory legislation, as well as under the current legal regime, consistently with the public interest.

  9. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2012
    México

    This research examines the spatio-temporal trends in Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series to ascribe land use change and precipitation to observed changes in land cover from 1982 to 2007 in the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula, using seasonal trend analysis (STA).

  10. Library Resource
    Artículos de revistas y libros
    Diciembre, 2012
    Costa Rica

    A modelling experiment is used to examine different land-use scenarios ranging from extreme deforestation (31% forest cover) to pristine (95% forest cover) conditions and related Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes to assess whether a change in streamflow dynamics, discharge extremes and mean annual water balance of a 73.4-km² tropical headwater catchment in Costa Rica could be detected.

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