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Mostrando ítems 1 a 9 de 11.
  1. Library Resource
    Informes e investigaciones
    Documentos de política y resúmenes
    Diciembre, 2010

    In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA, 2005) provided the first comprehensive report on global ecosystems, the dependence of human societies on the services provided, current state, and likely future trajectory. The MA identified the failure to value ecosystem services as a major contributing cause. The 2001 environment strategy did not explicitly address environmental valuation, although the focus on poverty and environment implies a need for valuing natural resources and environmental services.

  2. Library Resource
    Informes e investigaciones
    Documentos de política y resúmenes
    Noviembre, 2010

    Biologically diverse ecosystems in countries served by the World Bank provide an array of valuable economic services. While the benefits of conserving ecosystems frequently outweigh the costs, conversion of these ecosystems to other uses occurs anyway, because many ecosystem benefits are of a public good nature, without markets that would reflect their real value.

  3. Library Resource
    Agosto, 2013

    This report focuses on one specific
    interaction: the role of forests, and particularly protected
    forests, in maintaining quality of drinking water for large
    cities. There are many reasons for this focus: many city
    dwellers already face a crisis of water quality, and
    contaminated water spreads a vast and largely unnecessary
    burden in terms of short and long-term health impacts
    including infant mortality, with knock-on effects on ability

  4. Library Resource
    Marzo, 2013
    Nicaragua

    Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the
    disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23
    percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable
    to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO
    2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the
    children and the poor being particularly affected. Among
    children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths
    attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and

  5. Library Resource
    Marzo, 2012

    The Dominican Republic-Central American
    Free Trade Agreement with the United States aims to create a
    free trade zone for economic development. The Agreement is
    expected to intensify commerce and investment among the
    participating countries. This paper analyzes the changes in
    the production and trading patterns in 2-digit manufacturing
    sectors with the goal of understanding the short-term
    environmental implications of the Dominican Republic-Central

  6. Library Resource
    Enero, 2013
    Rumania

    The objective of the Functional Review
    of the Environment, Water and Forestry sector (FR-EWF) is to
    help the Government of Romania (GoR) develop an action plan
    for implementation over the short- and medium-term to
    strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the sector
    administration, and provide input to the Government National
    Reform Program (NRP 2011- 2013) and beyond, especially in
    relation to those functions that support Romania's

  7. Library Resource
    Marzo, 2013
    Burundi

    A reform in Burundi's coffee sector
    is currently under way. Even though the reform was launched
    by the government of Burundi in 1992, it was only in 2008
    that implementation fully started. The purpose of the reform
    is to restructure the coffee sector, focusing on the
    following processes: privatization of the industrial units
    (especially washing and hulling units), liberalization of
    government control among the production and export agencies,

  8. Library Resource
    Enero, 2014
    Nicaragua

    This study, policy and investment
    priorities to reduce environmental degradation of the Lake
    Nicaragua watershed, has assessed the sources and the
    magnitude of the pressures that threaten Lake Cocibolca. It
    was accomplished by applying a hydrological and land use
    model to the lake's watershed and by conducting
    additional estimates of nutrients generated from wastewater
    sources and tilapia farming. The study has confirmed that

  9. Library Resource
    Junio, 2014

    This paper presents a somewhat novel
    approach to explore the economic contribution of ecosystems.
    It develops linked models to capture connections between
    resource stocks and flows and the resulting microeconomic
    and macroeconomic impacts. A bioeconomic model is developed
    that is imbedded into a computable general equilibrium (CGE)
    model. Incorporating imperfect regulation, the bioeconomic
    model characterizes optimal policies, while the CGE model

  10. Library Resource
    Julio, 2015

    This issue of Handshake focuses on
    natural resource PPPs that are making a difference. In
    Cartagena, Colombia, a hybrid public-private agency is
    profiled that has standardized water service to residents
    while restoring the coast, and in the process, contributed
    to political stabilization. Around Africas Lake Victoria, an
    environmental management initiative with the potential to
    reduce the pollution and resource footprint of industrial

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