China is a socialist country and all land in China belongs to Chinese citizens as a whole. Article 10 of the 1982 Constitution upholds the Chinese land policy that reflects the traditional view of socialism - land of the country must be owned by the country (State) or its agricultural Collectives. State-owned enterprises or other organizations, which cannot own land themselves, may use land with permission from the State.
The purpose of this Act is to prescribe necessary matters concerning the efficient preservation, use, and development of coasts, thereby contributing to enhancing the preservation of the coastal environment, facilitating the sustainable development of coasts, and creating pleasant and affluent coasts as the basis for people's lives. In particular, the State and local governments shall formulate policies necessary to preserve, use and develop coasts in a sustainable manner.
Land administration and cadastral systems are playing a crucial global role in safeguarding the security of access to land and natural resources. Information technology systems have become basic elements of these systems everywhere. Introduction of automation to land administration has improved systems’ efficiency, standardisation and accessibility, which in turn have contributed to responsible land governance. Developing country land administrations are, however, often inefficient and poorly structured.
This thematic issue of the Land Tenure Journal brings together theories and practices related to land tenure and climate change both from the mitigation and adaptation perspectives. Articles look at the implications that REDD+ and Payments for Environmental Services pose to land tenure and administration, propose approaches to deal with the new challenges and analyse the adaptation of local tenure systems and livelihoods to climate change.
The Law consists of 7 Chapters composed of 67 articles dealing with the following matters: 1) general provisions (chapt. 1, arts. 1-8); 2) the unified land territory and its basic classification (chapt. 2, arts. 9-16); 3) the authority of the government bodies and local self-governing organizations regarding land issues (chapt. 3, arts. 17 – 23); 4) land management, land register and the unified land territory report (chapt. 4, arts. 24-26); 5) concession of land in ownership and lease (chapt. 5, arts. 27-51); 6) efficient and rational use of land and land protection (chapt. 6, arts.
The purpose of this Law is to regulate relations arising from the matters of powers of the legislative and executive organs concerning ownership rights on state and local property, level of authority of a legal person with state property and its administration, principle and regulations of activity of an organ implementing policy on state property.
The Law totals 78 Articles and is divided in the following Chapters and: I, Fundamentals of the Agricultural Law; II, Agricultural Production; III, Strengthening of Material and Technological Foundation of Agriculture; IV, protection of Agricultural Resources; V, Management of Agricultural Products. The Law highlights agriculture as one of the major pillars of national economy because it ensures the supply of food to the population and the production of raw materials to be destined to industrial and commercial utilization.
These measures propose to strengthen land administration, the protection of land rights, and to improve utilisation of land in Sichuan. Chapter I provides for administration of land. The local government shall restrict conversion of land for agriculture to land for construction (art. 2). Chapter 2 concerns ownership of land and land use rights. The Province shall implement a land registration system in accordance with the Law (art. 6). Article 8 concerns the use of state owned land. The Forestry Law of the PRC shall regulate ownership or use of land for forestry.
A Law to regulate relations with regard to land possession and use by citizens, economic entities and organizations.The 60 articles of the Law are divided into 8 Chapters: General Provisions (1); Mongolian Land Unified Fund and its Basic Classification (2); Land for Special Needs (3); Power of State and Local Self-governing Organizations regarding Land Relations (4); Land Organization, Land Unified Fund Register and Report (5); Land Possession and Use (6); Efficient and Proper Land Use and Protection (7); Other Provisions (8)."All land within the state boundaries of Mongolia constitute the
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