Lessons from Two Investments In Zambia
Key points:
Key points:
This paper presents the empirical findings of a research study undertaken in the Western Province of Zambia. The principal objective was to explore if the issuance of land ownership certificates (LOCs) improves the customary landholders’ perceptions of security of tenure. Thus, we test a null hypothesis that: ‘There are no significant differences in the perceived security of tenure between customary landholders with land ownership certificates and customary landholders without land ownership certificates’.
The purpose of the research is to: 1) investigate the interpretation of the sections in the Lands Act of 1995 that provide for the statutory recognition on one hand, and conversion of customary land, on the other; and 2) discuss the effects of the said sections on customary landholders. Methodologically, qualitative methods (largely in-depth interviews) were used to conclude that governments in sub-Sahara Africa are the architects of tenure insecurity because they (knowingly or otherwise) enact laws that are contradictory or conflicting in nature.
The use of modern seed varieties and other improved technologies is essential for farmers to significantly increase their crop harvest and improve their livelihoods. All over Sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture productivity growth has remained very low over many decades irrespective of gender of the farmer. However, studies have shown that women farmers fare worse than the male counterparts in terms of adoption of improved technology and productivity.
Zambia’s agriculture sector provides the main support for the rural economy. This assertion is based on the fact that about forty nine percent of the Zambian population depends on agriculture, primarily through smallholder production for their livelihoods and employment (CSO, 2014). Notwithstanding this fact, in 2015 the sector contributed 8.5 percent to the GDP and approximately 9.6 percent of national export earnings (CSO, 2015; World Bank, 2016). The potential for agricultural growth in Zambia is staggering.
Agriculture and mining are increasingly driving deforestation in Liberia, as trees are cleared to make way for plantations and mines. The environmental impacts of deforestation are devastating, but the people and communities who live in the forest are also at risk.
The study examined the status of women’s land rights in India, using Agricultural Census data, with state-wise and district-wise granularity and presents tables and maps depicting women’s land rights against indicators, further segregated across ethnicity and socio-economic categories. It also reiterates necessity to establish a robust and participatory monitoring mechanism for the status and change of women’s land rights at state, district and tehsil levels. This study was conducted by Center for Land Governance, NRMC with support from the World Bank.
The study was commissioned by the World Bank and conducted by the Center for Land Governance, to document Odisha’s experience and the emerging best practices for Gender Equitable Land Governance (GELG). It assess and analyse the state’s efforts toward GELG in relation to the VGGT, documents the best practices, identifies challenges and suggests recommendations for policy and institutional arrangements, technical issues, capacity building and strategies.
This Policy breif, prepared by Center for Land Governance, NRMC, Bhubaneswar with support of The World Bank, New Delhi provides breif information on legal framework and changes, institutional processes, measuring and monitoring changes, compares operational holding with ownership and plot level data around women's land rights in India. It also proposes policy recommendations on measuring and monitoring women’s land rights.
This monitoring framework prepared by Center for Land Governance, NRMC, Bhubaneswar with the support of The World Bank, New Delhi which envisages on reliable and accessible appropriate data set, well laid out procedure to calculate and report Women Land Rights (WLR) indicators across administrative layers as well as an institutional mechansim to sustainably carry out this process to address regular monitoring of WLR in Indian context to meet the SDG requirement.
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