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Mostrando ítems 1 a 9 de 34.
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Library Resource
Fiji, Papua Nueva Guinea, Oceanía, África subsahariana, Asia oriental
This paper discusses the problem of non-violent conflicts and disputes as a constraint to sustainable natural resource management at the community level.The article finds that:third-party mediation should only be tried if viable customary approaches to conflict management have demonstrably failedthird-party mediation should only be tried if it is impracticable to try to strengthen the customary approaches within the required timeframerecent experiences in the Lakeamu Basin seem to run counter both to the popular assertion that building social capital within civil society will be ineffective
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Library Resource
Filipinas, Asia oriental, Oceanía
This paper constructs a framework for and reviews studies on property rights reforms in the agricultural and natural resources sector. In the case of agrarian reform, several hypotheses are posited: that agrarian reform will increase the rate of capital accumulation of beneficiaries and improve tenurial security, but may have negative impacts on land access, investments of landowners, and efficiency of land use. For the natural resources sector, the implications of open access and promotion of property rights are surveyed for the Philippine case.
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Library Resource
Camboya, Oceanía, Asia oriental
Brief analysis of the situation within Cambodia’s forestry sector, and a round up of information obtained during Global Witness’ investigations.
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Library Resource
Tailandia, Asia oriental, Oceanía
This paper is a report on anthropological fieldwork on the civil society movements in northeastern Thailand. The case of Kok Hin Khao land rights conflicts in the district of Nam Phong of Khon Kaen province was thoroughly examined to understand the current dynamics of civil society in the Northeast.It is argued that the discrepancy between the government's development rhetoric and what actually happened at the grassroots level has laid the ground for the emergence of contemporary civil society to protect its own interests.
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Library Resource
Viet Nam, Oceanía, Asia oriental
Private (especially foreign) investors find Viet Nam's legal framework the most serious impediment to investment. Policy changes to reverse the former command system may be enough to initiate the transition. But without an appropriate legal framework, they will be insufficient for long-term development.A major objective of Viet Nam's transition to a market economy has been to reactivate the private sector in a mixed economy.
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Library Resource
Indonesia, Asia oriental, Oceanía
Presents some preliminary results on the impact of the economic crisis on farmers’ livelihood and forest use, based on fieldwork in four provinces in Indonesia (Riau, West and East Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi). Stresses the great variation throughout the country, and the volatility of the situation. Price data reveal that some groups of export crops-oriented farmers enjoyed a short-term gain during the first 2-3 quarters of 1998. Soaring food prices and a stronger rupiah since October 1998 have, however, gradually made real prices move towards their pre-crisis levels.
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Library Resource
China, Asia oriental, Oceanía
Finds that a new system of social stratification is emerging in rural China as a result of economic reforms, that is far less equal than what preceeded it. As part of this trend, wealth inequality has increased, markedly in a short period of time. A relatively equal distribution of land has prevented furher inequality an dblocked the rise of a landed elite.However what has emerged is a "worker elite", mainly concentrated in cooperative enterprises in the coastal provinces and in richer provinces.
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Library Resource
Under the socialist regime that prevailed until the start of the 1990s, Mongolia made great progress in improving human development indicators, and poverty was virtually unknown. Through innovative service delivery mechanisms to nomadic pastoralists, almost universal coverage of primary health care services was achieved and adult literacy reached 97%.Political and economic transition in the 1990s ushered in a rapid rise in asset and income inequality, and a third of the population have been defined as living below the poverty line since 1995.
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Library Resource
Tailandia, Asia oriental, Oceanía
Article looks at a specific case of racial oppression manifesting itself within development programs. At a more general level, the article looks at how ecological project can become politicised.An example of this is South-East Asia, where valley-based states have regularly attempted to sedentarize or repress hill-dwelling ethnic minorities. Racist patterns and processes in the region have been sustained and strengthened through the activities of international environmentalists and developmentalists.
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Library Resource
Mongolia, Asia oriental, Oceanía
This article explores the history of notions of land ownership among Mongolian pastoralists in a historical context.In the 1990s the Mongolian state implemented a series of reforms designed to create a competitive market economy based on private property. These included the wholesale privatisation of the pastoral economy and the dissolution of the collective and state farms. The Asian Development Bank and other international development agencies advocated new legislation to allow the private ownership of land.
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