Over 94 % of Nepalese migrant workers are male youth who leave their female counterparts behind to manage agriculture alongside their traditional domestic chores. Changing agrarian and labour landscapes shape food security, livelihood choices and the wellbeing of those who continue to engage in local small-scale agriculture. The study aims to understand the interactions between household livelihoods, food security and the wellbeing of left-behind women and lower-caste farmers. It includes a literature review, and draws results from 69 in-depth interviews with women farmers.
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Library ResourcePublicación revisada por paresOctubre, 2016Nepal
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Library Resource
Consequences for Tenure Security, Agricultural Productivity and Land Management Practices
Artículos de revistas y librosEnero, 2008TayikistánThis paper examines the impact of land reform on agricultural productivity in Tajikistan. Recent legislation allows farmers to obtain access to heritable land shares for private use, but reform has been geographically uneven. The break-up of state farms has occurred in some areas where agriculture has little to offer but, where high value crops are grown, land reform has hardly begun. In cases where collectivized farming persists and land has not been distributed, productivity remains low and individual households benefit little from farming.
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Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosEnero, 2020Nigeria
The informal sector in urban land supply has continued to meet the increasing demand for urban land owing to the deficiencies of the formal sector in Nigeria. But tenure security and equity in land supply have become the major issues that have evoked much concern in the sector. This article seeks to understand the provisions of tenure rights through customary institutions not as the binary opposite of the formal land titling but as a part of the continuum that includes the formal system in Benin City.
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Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosNoviembre, 2018Sudáfrica, Nigeria
The interface between environment and conflict has gained traction in policy and security circles in recent times. Growing scholarly interest on the linkage stems from increasing awareness on the role climate change plays in precipitating resource contestations and conflict over depleting natural resources, particularly in poor regions. Such impacts sometimes result from secondary consequences of environmental decline and resources scarcity which give rise to stiff competitions over access to available resources.
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Library ResourceInformes e investigacionesOctubre, 2016Burkina Faso, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire
This chapter is a case study that tests hypotheses in order to determine if political factors can reduce violence in cases of climate-change-induced or -aggravated agro-pastoral conflicts over natural resources. Three West African countries were selected because of their common socio-economic and environmental characteristics and because they host comparable farmer–herder conflicts: Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. The level of farmer–herder conflicts is estimated to have risen between 1960 and 2000 in the three countries.
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Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosDiciembre, 2018Viet Nam
We estimate whether a land reform program led to higher incomes for ethnic minority households. In 2002, in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, Program 132 directed the transfer of farm land to ethnic minority households that had less than one hectare of land. Using the 2002 Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey as a baseline, in 2008 we resurveyed over one-thousand households to provide a retrospective evaluation of the impact of their participation in Program 132.
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Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosAbril, 2017China, Asia oriental
Context: Recent conceptual developments in ecosystem services research have revealed the need to elucidate the complex and unintended relationships between humans and the environment if we are to better understand and manage ecosystem services in practice.
Objectives: This study aimed to develop a model that spatially represents a complex human–environment (H–E) system consisting of heterogeneous social–ecological components and feedback mechanisms at multiple scales, in order to assess multi-dimensional (spatial, temporal, and social) trade-offs in ecosystem services.
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Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosAbril, 2016Asia central, Kazajstán, Kirguistán, Tayikistán, Turkmenistán, Uzbekistán
Land degradation is a major challenge for agricultural and rural development
in Uzbekistan. Our research findings indicate that the costs of land
degradation in Uzbekistan are substantial; reaching about 0.85 billion USD annually
resulting from the loss of valuable land ecosystem services due to land use and
land cover changes alone between 2001 and 2009. On the other hand, economic
simulations also show that the returns from actions to address land degradation can
be four times higher their costs over a 30-year planning horizon, i.e. every dollar -
Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosDiciembre, 2016Global
The Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) initiative seeks to develop a
science basis for policy actions to address land degradation. The purpose of this
chapter is to provide with a conceptual framework and sound and feasible
methodological standards for ELD assessments at global and national levels. Only
if some basic standards are identified and adhered to, comparative assessments can
be conducted between countries and useful aggregation of findings, based on these
case studies, can be achieved. Therefore, using the Total Economic Value -
Library ResourceArtículos de revistas y librosAgosto, 2016Asia central, Kazajstán, Kirguistán, Tayikistán, Turkmenistán, Uzbekistán
Land degradation affects negatively the livelihoods and food security of
global population. There have been recurring efforts by the international community
to identify the global extent and severity of land degradation. Using the long-term
trend of biomass productivity as a proxy of land degradation at global scale, we
identify the degradation hotspots in the world across major land cover types. We
correct factors confounding the relationship between the remotely sensed vegetation
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