Résultats de la recherche
Showing items 1 through 9 of 482.
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Ethiopia. Access to agricultural land is a constitutional right for rural residents of Ethiopia. We used survey data from the relatively land abundant districts of Oromia Region and from the land scarce districts of Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ (SNNP) Region. We found that youth in the rural south have limited potential to obtain agricultural land that can be a basis for viable livelihood. The law prohibits the purchase and sale of land in Ethiopia.
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Continued high population growth in already densely populated rural areas in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa makes it harder for youth to choose agriculture as their main source of income. We investigate whether near landless youth can still access rented land as a complementary source of income. We utilize a unique data set of rural youth that have been allocated rehabilitated communal land to form formalized business groups for joint business activity. They rely on complementary sources of income and land renting is one of these.
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The paper discusses the link between commons as they might have been used in
prehistoric Norway and the rules concerning the exploitation of the commons as
found in the oldest known legislation for regions of Norway, Gulating Law and
Frostating Law. One clear social dilemma has been identified: the setting of a
common date for moving animals from the home fields up to the summer farms
and home again in the fall. The problem was obvious and the solution not
particularly difficult to institute. Many more problems were of course present,
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The paper reviews the development of the legal status of Norwegian commons from the first known legislation on commons. The development can be divided into 5 periods.
The first period lasted until about 1300. In this period, the commons changed from being a local matter for the chiefs and the local thing to become a national resource where also the King had rights to resources for defence of the realm.
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This study utilizes land registry data from the First and Second Stage Land Registration Reforms that took place in 1998 and 2016 in sampled districts and communities in Tigray region of Ethiopia. Tigray was the first region to implement low-cost land registration and certification in Ethiopia and providing household level land certificates in the names of household heads. Second Stage Land Registration and Certification (SSLRC) is scaled up since 2015 and provides households with parcel-based certificates with maps. The SSLR&C lists all holders of parcels by name and gender.
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The paper is part of a joint presentation with Marius Grønning at the 5th International and Interdisciplinary Symposium of the European Academy of Land Use and Development (EALD) held in Oslo 3-5 September 2015.
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This study investigates how the Farmer-to-Farmer-Extension (F2FE) system with lead farmers and follower farmers influences adoption of Conservation Agriculture (CA) technologies in Malawi. Using data from 180 lead farmers and their 455 followers in central and southern Malawi, we assess the level of influence lead farmers have on their followers’ familiarity with and adoption of CA.
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We study how social preferences and norms of reciprocity are related to generalized and particularized trust among members of youth business groups in northern Ethiopia. Members of these groups are recruited among land-poor rural youth. The Ethiopian government promotes youth employment among land-poor rural youth by allocating them rehabilitated communal lands for the formation of sustainable businesses. The groups are organized as primary cooperatives, elect their own board, make their own bylaw and prepare a business plan that has to be accepted by the local government.
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The potential benefits of providing subsidized inputs to farm-households in developing countries may reach well beyond the targeted households. More specifically, increased food productionand demand for rural labor may benefit poor households through lower food prices and higherrural wages. However, two recent studies of a large input subsidy program in Malawi find thatthese effects are smaller than expected based on anecdotal evidence and previous studies usingsimulation models.
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Paper presented at the 14th global conference of the International Association for the Study of Commons, Mt Fuji, June 3- June 7, 2013
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