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Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.

Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.

Russia is a semi-presidential federation.

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Displaying 26 - 30 of 1046

Regional Law No. 403-z amending Regional Law No. 224-z “On objects of cultural heritage”.

Legislation
Juillet, 2016
Fédération de Russie

Article 12 shall be amended to add the following wording: “In case of identification of a burial ground of victims of mass repressions local government must submit to the regional executive body application for insertion of this site having the characteristics of an object of cultural heritage for insertion in the state register, accompanied by the description of its historic and cultural value and mapping of the area”.

Amends: Regional Law No. 224-z “On objects of cultural heritage”. (2014-03-04)

Federal Law No. 237-FZ “On the state cadastre valuation”.

Legislation
Juillet, 2016
Fédération de Russie

This Federal Law regulates relations originating from state cadastre valuation of the territory of the Russian Federation. The state cadastre valuation is conducted on the basis of the principles of the uniformity of the methodology for determining cadastral value, the continuity of the updating of the information necessary for determining the cadastral value, independence and openness of state cadastral valuation procedures at each stage of their implementation, economic feasibility and verifiability of re-assessment of cadastral value.

Federal Law No. 354-FZ amending some legislative acts.

Legislation
Juillet, 2016
Fédération de Russie

This Federal Law establishes new grounds and procedures for compulsory termination, as well as the specific features of acquiring, rights to plots of agricultural land. A land plot may be expropriated from the owner in a judicial procedure if it has not been used for 3 or more years to perform agricultural or other activities related to agricultural production.

Federal Law No. 336-FZ amending Federal Law No. 101-FZ on turnover of agricultural land.

Legislation
Juillet, 2016
Fédération de Russie

This Federal Law establishes the right of tenants of agricultural land plots pertaining to state or municipal ownership to buy out or to conclude a new lease contract for the land plot without bidding. This is possible if the authorized bodies do not have information about the infringement of the Russian legislation revealed during the state land supervision and unresolved violations related to land use.

Amends: Federal Law No. 101-FZ on turnover of agricultural land. (2003-07-07)