NPV and LEV are established and common approaches to valuing single rotation and infinite rotation forests respectively, when the rotation age is fixed in advanced. More recently, Real Options approaches have been employed to value single and infinite rotation forests with a flexible harvest age.
Globally, the Philippines is a minor emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs), but cost-effective mitigation present opportunities that should be captured, noting that the country is one of the signatory member states to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol. The country accounts for less than 0.3 percent of global GHG emissions in 2004.4 However, emissions are on the rise from both energy-use and land-use changes.
With the impending introduction of an Australian Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme, farmers andlandholders in rural Australia have increased opportunities to participate in the market. This includes theadoption of land-use change to sequester additional carbon in exchange for carbon credits and theproduction of a renewable energy source (biofuels). However, these land-use changes compete withexisting farm enterprises and may contain significant transaction costs.
This Act amends certain provision of the Constitution of Tonga. In particular, it updates the supreme law of Tonga as regards the rule of law and the judicial power. It is worth noticing the insertion of New Clause 83A “Rule of law and Judicial Independence”, which stipulates that the existing underlying constitutional principles of the Rule of Law and Judicial Independence shall always be maintained.
This Act amends Clauses 60, 64 and 65 of the Constitution of Tonga so as to enable some modifications in the electoral laws.
Amends: Act of Constitution of Tonga. (1875-11-01)
Este documento examina algunas de las respuestas técnicas, institucionales, políticas y financieras clave y necesarias para lograr una agricultura climáticamente inteligente que incrementa de manera sostenible la productividad, la resilencia (adaptación), reduce/elimina GEI (mitigación) y fortalece los logros de metas nacionales de desarrollo y de seguridad alimentaria.
Le but principal de ce document est de présenter la situation énergétique actuelle du secteur alimentaire du point de vue de la demande et de l’approvisionnement, et d’identifier les moyens de rendre l’ensemble de la filière agro-alimentaire énergétiquement plus intelligent.
With the continual rise of global commodity prices and increasing population pressures worldwide, the future of agriculture is looking increasingly unstable. As a result of this escalating demand and intensification of unsustainable agricultural techniques, natural resources are facing an increasing threat of depletion.
Climate change prompts policymakers to pursue a low carbon energy pathway in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, this can lead to trade-offs with other sustainability objectives. This policy brief outlines key issues relating to biodiversity and the development of the hydropower sector in Vietnam. It is aimed at informing policymakers, civil society and donors. It argues that the large-scale development of the country’s hydropower sector is being undertaken without due consideration of the impacts that this is having on the nation’s biodiversity.
Cambodia emerged in the early 1990s from 30 years of conflict, the brutal Khmer Rouge era, and a decade of Vietnamese occupation, with one of the world’s lowest per-capita incomes, and with social indicators far behind those of neighboring Southeast Asian countries. Physical infrastructure had been largely destroyed. United Nations intervention led to a peace agreement in 1991, a new constitution, elections, and formation of a coalition government, although a reduced level of conflict and political instability continued until the late 1990s.
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