Urbanization and climate change will define much of the 21st century. Urbanization leads to improvement in standards of living, and through the increased density and service delivery efficiency of cities, higher growth can be achieved with lower greenhouse gas emissions. Cities and urban agglomerations house more than 50 percent of the global population and contribute more than 70 percent of Global greenhouse (GHG) emissions. As the share of urban population grows, sustainable urban development emerges as an essential component in addressing climate change.
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Library ResourceTraining Resources & ToolsPolicy Papers & BriefsDecember, 2010
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Library Resource
An Assessment of Low-Carbon Interventions in the Transport and Power Sectors
Reports & ResearchTraining Resources & ToolsApril, 2010Philippines, Eastern Asia, OceaniaGlobally, the Philippines is a minor emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs), but cost-effective mitigation present opportunities that should be captured, noting that the country is one of the signatory member states to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol. The country accounts for less than 0.3 percent of global GHG emissions in 2004.4 However, emissions are on the rise from both energy-use and land-use changes.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchPolicy Papers & BriefsNovember, 2010
This internal background paper has been prepared to help inform the 2010 environment strategy with respect to a proposed way forward on use of country systems. The World Bank Group environment strategy is built on three pillars: leveraging natural resources for growth and poverty reduction; managing the environmental risks to growth and development; and transforming growth paths. As part of its exploration of these three pillars, the strategy considers the question of environmental co-benefits of climate change actions.
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Library ResourceReports & ResearchPolicy Papers & BriefsJanuary, 2010
Floods are a major source of risk for the agricultural sector. Flood risk in the agricultural sector primarily arises from river flooding, flash floods, and coastal flooding. The impacts of floods can result in sizable agricultural damages at the local level. Floods in agricultural zones expose agricultural producers, agricultural supply chains, rural financial institutions (such as agricultural banks), and governments to financial risks due to the loss of crops, delinquency on seasonal production loans, damage to infrastructure and loss of public revenues.
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Library Resource
Combining Financial Instruments to Support Low-Carbon Development
Reports & ResearchTraining Resources & ToolsDecember, 2010The world development report 2010 estimates that an additional $200 billion per year of climate-related financing is needed in developing countries between now and 2030 to keep global average temperature rise within 2 degrees Celsius. Developing countries face increased financing challenges over coming decades as they seek to pursue economic development along a lower emission trajectory.
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Library Resource
An IEG Country Assistance Evaluation, 1999-2006
Reports & ResearchJournal Articles & BooksDecember, 2010Cambodia, Eastern Asia, OceaniaCambodia emerged in the early 1990s from 30 years of conflict, the brutal Khmer Rouge era, and a decade of Vietnamese occupation, with one of the world’s lowest per-capita incomes, and with social indicators far behind those of neighboring Southeast Asian countries. Physical infrastructure had been largely destroyed. United Nations intervention led to a peace agreement in 1991, a new constitution, elections, and formation of a coalition government, although a reduced level of conflict and political instability continued until the late 1990s.
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Library Resource
Cambodia's law on expropriation (unofficial English translation)
Legislation & PoliciesFebruary, 2010Cambodia"Article 1: This law aims to define an expropriation in the Kingdom of Cambodia by defining the principles, mechanisms, and procedures of expropriation, and defining fair and just compensation for any construction, rehabilitation, and public physical infrastructure expansion project for the public and national interests and development of Cambodia."
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Library Resource
Lessons from the Development Marketplace 2009 on Adaptation to Climate Change
Reports & ResearchPolicy Papers & BriefsJune, 2010The Development Marketplace 2009 focused on adaptation to climate change. This paper identifies lessons from the Marketplace and assesses their implications for adaptation support. The findings are based on: statistical tabulation of all proposals; in-depth qualitative and quantitative analysis of the 346 semi-finalists; and interviews with finalists and assessors. Proposals were fuelled by deep concerns that ongoing climate change and its impacts undermine development and exacerbate poverty, migration and food insecurity.
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Library Resource
Approaches for the Agricultural Sector and Beyond
Reports & ResearchPolicy Papers & BriefsDecember, 2010This paper identifies key challenges and solutions for carrying out project-level economic analysis of adaptation to climate change, both stand-alone and integrated into broader development projects. Very few projects addressing adaptation thus far have been subject to in-depth and rigorous economic analysis for a variety of reasons, including a lack of guidance on how to deal with assessments of the impacts of climate change, as well as with estimating costs and benefits of adaptation under uncertainty.
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Library Resource
Low Carbon Emissions Scenarios in Brazil
Reports & ResearchPolicy Papers & BriefsDecember, 2010Brazil, Latin America and the CaribbeanThis report synthesizes the findings for the energy sector of a broader study, the Brazil low carbon study, which was undertaken by the World Bank in its initiative to support Brazil's integrated effort towards reducing national and global emissions of greenhouse gases while promoting long term development. The main aim of the study is to examine the potential for abating Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions in Brazil in the energy area and to assess the relative costs of doing so for the time frame 2010-2030.
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