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Showing items 1 through 9 of 121.
  1. Library Resource

    Performance, Challenges, and Options

    Reports & Research
    Training Resources & Tools
    November, 2015
    Nicaragua, Latin America and the Caribbean

    This work summarizes background papers prepared for the World Bank Group with significant input from government counterparts and other development partners. It takes stock of major recent developments and argues that a lot has been achieved in the last decade in terms of production of commodities for export and food consumption, with favorable impact on rural poverty reduction. It also argues that the two factors driving the recent agricultural performance, namely favorable international prices and expansion of the agricultural frontier, have reached their limits.

  2. Library Resource
    August, 2013
    Nicaragua

    The report reviews basic growth, as
    being one of four pillars for Nicaragua's poverty
    reduction strategy. The well-being of the rural poor will
    continue its dependence on - to a great extent -
    agriculture. The study analyzes main agricultural
    development aspects, and stipulates the broad basic growth
    may be enhanced by strengthening agricultural
    competitiveness. Yet, export growth is key to economic

  3. Library Resource

    A Supply Chain Approach

    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    June, 2012
    Central America, Latin America and the Caribbean

    This chapter uses supply chain analysis (SCA) to identify transport and logistics bottlenecks that add costs, times and uncertainty to the exportation of perishable agricultural products from Central America. Macro-level analyses of logistics performance, including the logistics performance index, Doing Business Reports and Enterprise Surveys of the World Bank, as well as the Global Competitiveness Index of the Global Economic Forum, often leave policy-makers unclear on exactly what poor performance means for exporters and producers in Central America.

  4. Library Resource
    July, 2015
    Nicaragua

    Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the
    disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23
    percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable
    to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO
    2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the
    children and the poor being particularly affected. Among
    children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths
    attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and

  5. Library Resource
    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    May, 2014
    United States of America, China, Mexico, Oceania, Latin America and the Caribbean, Eastern Asia

    The trend toward ever greater urbanization continues unabated across the globe. According to the United Nations, by 2025 closes to 5 billion people will live in urban areas. Many cities, especially in the developing world, are set to explode in size. Over the next decade and a half, Lagos is expected to increase its population 50 percent, to nearly 16 million. Naturally, there is an active debate on whether restricting the growth of megacities is desirable and whether doing so can make residents of those cities and their countries better off.

  6. Library Resource
    April, 2014
    Costa Rica

    Costa Rica's Program of Payments
    for Environmental Services (Pago de Servicios Ambientales,
    PSA) provides a unique opportunity to evaluate direct
    payments as a conservation policy tool. This paper reports
    evidence on how much more forest has been conserved in Costa
    Rica as a result of PSA contracts with landowners. Such
    evidence requires estimating a counterfactual outcome: how
    much forest would have been preserved if there had been no

  7. Library Resource

    Evidence from Nicaragua

    Reports & Research
    Policy Papers & Briefs
    May, 2017
    Nicaragua, Latin America and the Caribbean

    There have been few efforts to evaluate whether the positive land use changes induced by conservation interventions such as Payments for Environmental Services (PES) persist once the interventions end. Since gains achieved by conservation interventions may be lost upon termination of the program, even apparently successful interventions may not result in longterm conservation benefits, a problem known as that of permanence. This paper examines the permanence of land use changes induced by a short-term PES program implemented between 2003 and 2008 in Matiguas-Rio Blanco, Nicaragua.

  8. Library Resource
    June, 2014
    Guatemala

    It has often been assumed that payments
    for watershed services (PWS) would go mostly to poor land
    users, thus contributing to poverty reduction, but there has
    been little empirical verification to date. This paper uses
    data from highland Guatemala to assess the potential for PWS
    to reduce poverty by examining whether the recipients of
    payments for environmental services are likely to be poor.
    The watersheds in which PWS would be feasible due to the

  9. Library Resource
    June, 2012
    Mexico

    The authors examine the impact of migration on educational attainment in rural Mexico. Using historical migration rates by state to instrument for current migration, they find evidence of a significant negative effect of migration on schooling attendance and attainment of 12 to 18 year-old boys and 16 to 18 year-old girls. IV-Censored Ordered Probit results show that living in a migrant household lowers the chances of boys completing junior high school and of boys and girls completing high school.

  10. Library Resource
    March, 2012
    Nicaragua

    This paper uses data from a Payments for Environmental Services (PES) project being implemented in Nicaragua to examine the extent to which poorer households that are eligible to participate are in fact able to do so, an issue over which there has been considerable concern. The study site provides a strong test of the ability of poorer households to participate, as it requires participants to make substantial and complex land use changes.

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