This is the Arabic version of the country profile for Sudan, describing its land governance context. Online versions of this profile are available in English, French, Portuguese and Spanish.
Avoiding, reducing and reversing land degradation is essential for the food security of current and future generations, for the conservation of biodiversity and the achievement of climate targets. In the current context of increased competition over land resources, rising food insecurity, and inequalities, combating land degradation is also necessary to prevent and mitigate conflict and mass displacement, which risk to destabilise countries and entire regions.
The article attempts to provide an understanding of the phenomenon of conflict in the Horn of Africa. It identifies and dicusses the political factor as the root cause of the problem of peace and security in the subregion. The paper does not argue that thee is a gap of literature on the conflicts in the Horn of Africa. The argument it is trying to present is taht many of the works on the subject taht the author has consulted and reviewed concentrate on conflict markers such as ethnicity, region, religion, etc.
On a global scale, Sudan perhaps ranks first in terms of pastoralists population size. About
66 per cent of Sudan is arid land, which is mainly pastoralists’ habitat. Pastoralism in the
Sudan involves about 20 per cent of the population and accounts for almost 40 per cent of
livestock wealth [Markakis, 1998: 41]. The livestock sector plays an important role in the
economy of the Sudan, accounting for about 20 percent of the GDP, meeting the domestic
demand for meat and about 70 percent of national milk requirements and contributing about
On a global scale, Sudan perhaps ranks first in terms of pastoralists population size. About
66 per cent of Sudan is arid land, which is mainly pastoralists’ habitat. Pastoralism in the
Sudan involves about 20 per cent of the population and accounts for almost 40 per cent of
livestock wealth [Markakis, 1998: 41]. The livestock sector plays an important role in the
economy of the Sudan, accounting for about 20 percent of the GDP, meeting the domestic
demand for meat and about 70 percent of national milk requirements and contributing about
Drylands occupy more than 40% of the world’s land area and are home to some two billion people. This includes a disproportionate number of the world’s poorest people, who live in degraded and severely degraded landscapes. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification states on its website that 12 million hectares are lost annually to desertification and drought, and that more than 1.5 billion people are directly dependent on land that is being degraded, leading to US$42 billion in lost earnings each year.
‘Over the past three decades hundreds of thousands of farmers in Burkina Faso and Niger, on the fringes of the Sahara Desert, have transformed large swathes of the region’s arid landscape into productive agricultural land, improving food security for about three million people. Once-denuded landscapes are now home to abundant trees, crops, and livestock.'
The support plan for the Sahel is a regional approach to collectively address the root causes of disruptions such as poverty, migration and youth unemployment, climate change, insecurity, governance and institutional issues in the region. In this report an overview of the current situation for each of the priority areas of the UN Support Plan is presented to demonstrate that the full implementation of the plan could utilize an existing momentum of development not seen in decades in the Sahel.
Land Degradation Neutrality is a new way of approaching land degradation that acknowledges that land and land-based ecosystems are affected by global environmental change as well as by local land use practices. Achieving the target of a land degradation neutral world encourages adaptive management during planning, implementation, and monitoring of LDN-related activities and follows the LDN response hierarchy of avoiding, reducing, and reversing land degradation.
Agriculture influences and shapes the world’s ecosystems, but not always in a positive way. More than 2.5 billion people are globally involved as stewards of land and water ecosystems that constitute the natural resource base for feeding the current and future world population. Yet, conventional agronomic interventions based on ‘hard’ agricultural engineering compromise various eco-services that are required for sustainable agricultural development.
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