Dans le cadre d’un chantier de réflexion initié par le Comité technique « Foncier & développement » sur l’évolution des structures agraires et l’accès des jeunes à la terre, la présente séance a visé à apporter des éclairages sur les conditions d’accès (ou d’exclusion) des jeunes au foncier dans un contexte d’économie de marché.

Cette note de synthèse reprend les présentations et les débats qui ont nourri l’atelier sur les trajectoires de politiques foncières en Afrique de l’Ouest et à Madagascar, organisé du 15 au 19 janvier 2018 à Saint-Louis du Sénégal, à l’initiative du Comité technique « Foncier & développement » de la Coopération française (CTFD).

The research provides a holistic overview of the key changes that affected Northern Chin society from pre-colonial times up to now in villages close to Hakha town where State penetration was stronger than in more remote
areas. The study sheds light on the overlapping and evolving statutory and customary land systems and on the issues faced by contemporary Chin communities as they seek to govern land and natural resources.

Pour explorer les nexus entre les questions foncières et les mécanismes favorisant la séquestration du carbone dans les sols, et faire des recommandations pour une  meilleure prise en compte du foncier dans la mise en place de ces dispositifs, l’initiative « 4 pour 1000 » et le CTFD ont organisé les 13 et 14 décembre 2017 avec le soutien de l’AFD et de la Banque mondiale, une rencontre de haut niveau mobilisant spécialistes et experts. Ces 2 journées se sont structurées en 3 temps :

Agroecology being diverse and multidimensional, a broad range of issues were addressed such as the fundamental role of crop biodiversity, the highly preoccupying status of agrochemical use in the region, the need for appropriate-scale machinery, the importance of innovative and  participatory intervention mechanisms, the recognition and integration of Indigenous Knowledge, the capacity building of the new generation, the marketing of agroecological products…

Three main take home messages emerged from all the discussions:

Continued high population growth in already densely populated rural areas in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa makes it harder for youth to choose agriculture as their main source of income. We investigate whether near landless youth can still access rented land as a complementary source of income. We utilize a unique data set of rural youth that have been allocated rehabilitated communal land to form formalized business groups for joint business activity. They rely on complementary sources of income and land renting is one of these.

The Land Use Bill objective is to guarantee the continued existence of communal and family land in accordance with the culture and tradition of the people of Cross River State/Nigeria in so far as the culture and tradition are in accordance with equity, natural justice and good conscience. The bill proposes to fundamentally reform the land sector, liberalise state control over customary land, increase accessibility to land, and secure land rights for everyone interested in using land for development purposes. This document is a discussion draft of the Bill.

Displacement induced by large scale investments and subsequent resettlement affects community access to land, land tenure patterns, and tenure security. This guide is published as part of the project ‘Strengthening Community Land Rights and Responses to Involuntary Displacements Caused by Development Projects in Zimbabwe.’ It highlights critical areas to be accounted for before introducing large scale developmental projects. These projects endanger communities’ land-related environmental, economic, social and cultural rights and benefits enshrined by the Constitution of Zimbabwe.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of land property rights integrity, subdivided into use rights, mortgage rights, and transfer rights, on household perceptions of long-term tenure security in China. To this end, we establish a theoretical framework that links China's collective forest tenure reforms undertaken since 2003 to property rights integrity and two sources of tenure (in)security based on property rights theory: forestland reallocation and expropriation.

Community land, crucial to rural livelihood around the world, is increasingly targeted by commercial interests. Its loss can lead to environmental degradation, increased rural poverty and land disputes that last for years. Without formal legal recognition of their land rights, communities struggle to protect their land from being allocated to outside investors.

Women disproportionately bear the negative impacts of large-scale land investments (in agribusiness, extractives, logging) in the global South.

▪▪Lack of formal land rights and their subordinate role in the household and community lead to the marginalization of women in decision-making processes and the bypassing of them in the distribution of compensation and the planning and implementation of resettlement.