This learning guide has been designed specifically to give civil society and grassroots organizations a deeper understanding of the Voluntary guidelines on the responsible governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forests in the context of national food security (VGGT) to enable the members of these organizations and their constituents to use the VGGT meaningfully and effectively to improve the governance of tenure in their respective countries.

The Community Land Protection Initiative provides land rights defenders with the practical skills to support communities to document and protect their indigenous and customary lands. It includes practical how-to videos, blogs and other tools that will help you design interventions to protect community land rights.

Cornell International Law Journal: Vol. 50 : No. 1 , Article 2 Kazakhstan ranks consistently low on measures of property rights protection and the rule of law more generally.1 Echoing these evaluations, existing literature emphasizes the degree to which informal institutions shape property relations in personalist, authoritarian regimes, like Kazakhstan. The expectation is that formal institutions like law and courts fail to restrain or otherwise influence state agents’ rent-seeking behavior. In effect, they serve primarily as ornamentation.

During the different period of architectural design designers attempt to achieve a high level of life quality for all users Architecture and urban planner want to provide a style of design which not only achieves different function for different users with respect to their ethnicity ability age sex capability position and lifestyle but also improve the friendly environment throughout responsive legislation based on longterm planning Although the styles are considered some indicators it is ignored the other important characteristics Therefore the existing styles never achieve the standard le

Aesthetics is the philosophical study of art and natural beauty and it is indicated by the feelings of pleasure or displeasure which comes from visual and aural elements and artefacts Hence aesthetics depends on the animate or inanimate organization which can be perceived either subjectively or objectively This aesthetic element is uniquely present in the traditional buildings and modern buildings of the southwestern part of Nigeria This study is set out to evaluate and bring into limelight the aesthetic characteristics of traditional buildings and that of the modern buildings how one style

An analysis paper by Future Directions International on livelihood considerations and food security in the Lower Mekong countries, published in May 2016.

Improving women’s access to land is high on the agricultural policy agenda of both governmental and non-governmental agencies. Yet, the determinants and rationale of gendered access to land are not well understood. This paper argues that gender relations are more than the outcomes of negotiations within households. It explains the importance of social norms, perceptions, and formal and informal rules shaping access to land for male and female farmers at four levels: (1) the household/family, (2) the community, (3) the state, and (4) the market. The framework is applied to Ghana.

Protected areas are intended to conserve biodiversity by restricting human activities within their boundaries. However, such restrictions are difficult to enforce fully in many tropical parks. Improving regulatory enforcement requires an understanding of prevailing challenges to detection and sanctioning activities. Drawing from empirical field research in 15 Colombian parks, I show that current enforcement efforts may be insufficient to deter most priority threats.

Globally, co-management of protected areas (PAs) offers promise in efforts to achieve ecological integrity and livelihood needs. Most co-management agreements are premised on joint decision making in defining equitable sharing of benefits from and the management responsibilities for natural resource management. However, co-managed PAs are often conflict ridden. The forceful closure of Silaka Nature Reserve in South Africa in 2013 by a local community epitomizes the conflicts that can emerge in co-management arrangements.