The VOC Verenigde OostIndische Compagnie was both the absolutist and the pacifier as it sought to colonize Sunda Kelapa through the displacement of the indigenous population architecture and regimen the VOC was deployed catalyst to the marking of a golden era roughly spanning the 17th century through which architecture trade science and military boomed marking Jakarta a resilient harbour to the worlds finest trades Batavia modernday Jakarta welded a myriad of names endorsing its irrefutable paramount one of which Queen of the East paraphrased an allusion to its urban beauty Until its last d

Housing is one of the fundamental needs for human to respond their primary needs such as food rest cleaning and having family in other words everything that related to the needs of body and soul of a human Nowadays by increasing the population in the world the suitable shelter becomes a real problem In the point of economic also the prices of the houses increase too much so it is not affordable for lowincome people to have shelter easily After the revolution in Iran country there is huge immigration from the rural part to metropolitan areas Most of these peoples belong to a lowincome family

Image of the ancient cities across the Arab region has been changed The urbanization progress and their subsequent urban changes are of rapid acceleration due to the population increase in the named cities affecting the encompassed old districts in many respects The mentioned changes are forked into two main branches controlled and uncontrolled On one side the controlled category abide by the urban regulations in terms of the visual representation of the old districts On the other side the uncontrolled counterpart breaches these regulations and their logical assumptions ending up in many ur

Street vending is a dynamic phenomenon of network of events socioeconomic and cultural factors while remaining a narration of place At the metropolitan level the narrative is negatively skewed towards street vending and its aesthetic reality contemporaneously exploring hostile environmental interventions within the informal sector This paper attempted to explore a counternarrative asking based on aesthetic experience can the desired urban image to be achieved by allowing street vendors proliferate in public spaces This question was asked within the scope of the politicaleconomy of diversifi

Locating on North West of Iran Tabriz the capital of East Azerbaijan Province is one of the important metropolises of the country The foundation of this historic city dated back to 1500 BC but due to the severe earthquakes few historic buildings remained from ancient eras In 2012 Tabriz was selected as the most beautiful city of Iran and it is nominated as the tourism capital of Islamic countries in 2018 Tabriz used to be the capital of Iran during different dynasties like Ilkhanid Kara Koyunlu Ak Koyunlu and Safavid it was the residence of the royal family and crown prince during the Qajar

The world keeps getting better in every aspect including housing and infrastructure and the growing technology keeps improving affordable housing but the chances of completely eradicating slums will remain slim because there will always be people unable to afford better housing than slums have to offer Aside from the fact that a slum is known as being the residential environment with the poorest living conditions it is also known for various negative activities and a relatively high crime rate The notion that an environment greatly influences an individual holds out the necessity to create

This research pursued the objectives of assessing the awareness perception and levels of adherence of road users to traffic rules and regulations The study was carried out in Minna and the major signalized roads were the target of the research The research applied the survey research methodology which involves carrying volumetric count of vehicles running the red lights on the signalized routes The research therefore found out that majority of the violators of the traffic signals were the motorcycle riders closely followed by the tricycle operators the commercial vehicle owners also form a

ABSTRACTED FROM LA VIA CAMPESINA PRESS RELEASE: The UN Declaration aims to better protect the rights of all rural populations including peasants, fisherfolks, nomads, agricultural workers and indigenous peoples and to improve living conditions, as well as to strengthen food sovereignty, the fight against climate change and the conservation of biodiversity. The endorsement of the UN Declaration also constitutes an important contribution to the international community’s effort to promote family farming and peasant agriculture.

As climate change makes precipitation shocks more common, policymakers are becoming increasingly interested in protecting food systems and nutrition outcomes from the damaging effects of droughts and floods (Wheeler and von Braun, 2013). Increasing the resilience of nutrition and food security outcomes is especially critical throughout agrarian parts of the developing world, where human subsistence and well-being are directly affected by local rainfall.

This paper assesses the role of the private sector by using the case study of Cambodia to learn specific lessons for increasing the resilience of food systems in the developing world. In order to develop a sustainable and lasting impact, it is imperative that both market actors and private actors be involved in addressing the new challenges facing vulnerable food systems.

Land degradation poses daunting challenges to Niger and the country has designed several policies and strategies for combatting it. Building on work past studies, this study uses new satellite data which have higher resolution and run for longer time – thus capturing the longterm land management dynamics. This study also uses an improved cost of land degradation model which nets out benefits from land improvement as well analysing the impacts of land degradation on food and nutrition security.