La economía ecuatoriana, basada principalmente en las exportaciones de petróleo desde 1972, ha enfrentado serios obstáculos para canalizar las utilidades del petróleo hacia un desarrollo equitativo y sustentable. La experiencia de las cuatro últimas décadas refleja un crecimiento económico lento e inestable, que se ha mostrado insuficiente no solamente para diversificar y fortalecer la economía sino sobre todo para superar las grandes inequidades que históricamente han prevalecido en el país, logrando la inclusión efectiva de una proporción elevada de la población.

Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

With deforestation and other land uses accounting for 11 percent of annual global greenhouse gas emissions, the international community agrees on the need to address deforestation as an important component of climate change. Community forests represent a vital opportunity to curbing climate change that has been undervalued. Today communities have legal or official rights to at least 513 million hectares of forests, only about one eighth of the world’s total, comprising 37.7 billion tonnes of carbon.

Se recopiló una base de datos geográfica, con cartografía básica y temática, sobre la provincia de Napo (Ecuador), en la que se destacan los mapas de cobertura del suelo de los años 2002 y 2008. Como primer producto se elaboró un mapa de cobertura del suelo del año 1990 a partir de imágenes del sensor TM, (Landsat 4 y 5).

The urban and the rural are increasingly interconnected. Rural areas have become places of consumption, as leisure and recreation have become important functions of rural areas. There are also indications that increased urbanisation even leads to a stronger appreciation of green areas situated far beyond city limits. Rural areas with their highly valued natural amenities nowadays seem increasingly to host urban wellbeing, given the positive relation found between green areas and human wellbeing.

Anthropogenic land use will likely present a greater challenge to biodiversity than climate change this century in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Even if species are equipped with the adaptive capacity to migrate in the face of a changing climate, they will likely encounter a human-dominated landscape as a major dispersal obstacle. Our goal was to identify, at the ecoregion-level, protected areas in close proximity to lands with a higher likelihood of future land-use conversion.

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing the world today and the individuals and communities who face being displaced from their homes and lands as a result of climate change are the human faces of this tragedy. Bangladesh is one of the countries most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The IPCC and other expert bodies have repeatedly identified Bangladesh as one of the countries most threatened by climate change.

The report aims to understand the nature of vulnerability and recovery of selected coastal communities in Odisha since super-cyclone of 1999. With intensive fieldwork in eight sites across coastal Odisha, the report takes a detailed look at livelihood trajectories, processes of housing reconstruction and access to community-based NGOs and state assistance.

The training manual on improving grassroots equity in the forests and climate change context, aims to develop the knowledge and capacity needed among grassroots facilitators to implement genuinely participatory processes for improving grassroots equity in forest-based climate change policy frameworks, mechanisms and initiatives.

Sustainable land management is essential to meeting the global challenge of securing soil and water resources that can support an ever increasing population. In Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, population growth is forecast to increase from 1.5 to 2.5 million by 2040 which will put immense pressure on the region's soil resources.

Over the past centuries, land systems in Italy experienced fundamental shifts, owing to the availability of new energy forms, population surges, and technological progress. The 20th century was characterized by massive productivity increases, accompanied by gradual land abandonment and the return of forest land. We here analyze 120 years of land system change in Italy, applying the human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) framework, a metric for socio-economic pressures on terrestrial ecosystems.

The native forests of Borneo have been impacted by selective logging, fire, and conversion to plantations at unprecedented scales since industrial-scale extractive industries began in the early 1970s. There is no island-wide documentation of forest clearance or logging since the 1970s. This creates an information gap for conservation planning, especially with regard to selectively logged forests that maintain high conservation potential. Analysing LANDSAT images, we estimate that 75.7% (558,060 km2) of Borneo’s area (737,188 km2) was forested around 1973.