This study examines the major
constraints of rural business entry and performance in
Yemen. The Yemen rural investment climate survey made it
possible to analyze rural investment climate constraints for
rural businesses. The survey was used to investigate both
farm and nonfarm rural enterprises. The rural investment
climate was assessed using a combination of subjective
impressions related by rural entrepreneurs, and a more

This paper draws on an expanded growth
accounting framework to estimate the relative contribution
of women to growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Empirical results
show a consistently positive contribution of women to growth
in gross domestic product in the region, both during
economic downturns and growth spurts. This is despite the
absence of any valuation of home-produced goods and informal
sector production, which accounts for the bulk of womens

Informal settlements are a permanent
feature of South Africa's cities. Estimates from the
General Household Survey by Statistics South Africa show
that more than 26 percent of all households in the
country's six metropolitan areas live in informal
dwellings. The government's policy efforts have focused
on provision of subsidized housing, first introduced as part
of the Reconstruction and Development Program. Through the

The paper aims to provide an overview of
the gender disparities in three major domains-human capital,
labor market and entrepreneurship. In doing so, it builds on
the framework of the World Bank's regional gender
report opportunities for men and women: emerging Europe and
Central Asia (World Bank, 2011) and the world development
report on gender and development (World Bank, 2011). This
joint gender assessment work has the objectives of analyzing

This report investigates Egypt's
regional economic growth, explores the causes for
geographically unbalanced development, and proposes policy
options to make unbalanced growth compatible with inclusive
development. Regional disparities in income and consumption
may be attributed to differences in natural endowments and
geographical location, but unbalanced growth is mostly due
to economies of scale, spillover effects, and the lower

This paper describes stylized facts
about internal migration and the labor force in Egypt, and
shows how internal migration in the country is low compared
with international standards. Using aggregate labor force
survey data, the paper shows how individuals migrate to
governorates with higher wages. With a Mincerian equation,
the analysis finds that migrants earn premiums with respect
to non-migrants, except for those migrants with low

Sri Lanka's country vision is to
become a global hub between the East and the West and an
upper middle-income country by 2016. Sri Lanka's urban
vision, as defined in the government's development
policy framework is to develop a system of competitive,
environmentally sustainable, well-linked cities clustered in
five metro regions and nine metro cities and to provide
every family with affordable and adequate urban shelter by

Urban land markets have a profound effect on how well poor households are able to access the jobs, amenities and services offered in the city. But often the way in which this market works frustrate attempts to open up better located living and business opportunities for poorer urban households and communities, despite government policies and programmes intended to address these challenges. The challenge in South Africa is even larger because of worsening poverty and inequality, and the continuing growth of cities through urbanisation.

ABSTRACTED FROM THE OVERVIEW: The Cambodian Rural Urban Migration Project (CRUMP) is a collaborative effort involving three entities – the RGC, represented by the Ministry of Planning, the UNFPA and an academic institution represented by consultant from the University of California San Francisco. The project involves a group of individuals across these entities interested in the movement of people in and around Cambodia. Given the demographic and economic realities in Cambodia, we began with the assumption that migration in the country is unavoidable and should be embraced.

This fact sheet explains how water can be used in the city and reused in agriculture in a way that benefits both farmers and city dwellers. Water reuse in agriculture has numerous advantages for all the parties involved as it provides a year round supply of water, together with nutrients and organic matter, to support crop production; providing food, income and employment to cities and improving urban landscape. In addition, well managed water reuse can lessen the pollution load on downstream watercourses.

This Handbook is a simplified tool for easy operationalization of the Unit Titles Act and the accompanying laws. The Handbook has been divided into six substantive chapters that summarises the required processes, documents and output. The first chapter provides for the essential terminologies in Unit Title Properties and their manner of application. This part has been supplemented by corresponding glossary of the end of chapter six. 

Cities as we know them today are already dramatically changing. Our living environments are reshaping the way we live.

This new ‘urban age’ presents

a unique opportunity for us to remake and reinvent our cities. How well we plan and design our living environments will matter.

Designing our city looks at how Singapore is planned for long-term sustainability, encouraging us to think about how we can shape it and new ideas that can transform our future.