This set of research briefs present a summary of research work undertaken jointly by ILRI, IFPRI and the University of Gottingen. The research has the following objectives:

- To better understand how environmental risk affects the use and management of resources under various property rights regimes.

- To identify circumstances under which different pathways of change in land use and property rights are followed.

This paper reviews, discusses and points issues relating to land tenure and their relevance to policy and legal reforms in Uganda. The fundamental argument on land tenure in the report is that pastoral production is determined by land use patterns which in turn determine whether the herders are mobile or not.

South African president Mbeki has characterised the developmental challenge in his country in terms of integrating the structurally disconnected ‘two economies’. On the one hand the modern industrial, mining, agricultural, financial and services sector, and on the other the ‘third world economy’ found in those urban and rural areas where the majority of poor people live.This draft chapter challenges this characterisation and focuses on the rural dimensions of the ‘two economies’ debate.

The overall impact that the National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) seeks to make is captured in the people’s vision for development and is stated as follows: “A future where individual, community, business and government partnerships contribute to a sustainable quality of life for all Nauruans”.The five long-term goals for Nauru remain unchanged from the 2005 NSDS.

In The National Forest Plan of 1977, the poor and mountainous kingdom of Nepal recognized the need for the people’s participation in managing its forests. In an article for RECOFTC, Dr Keshav Kanel of Nepal’s Department of Forest, records the changes in society, governance and economy wrought by this gradual – but not uncontroversial – move to community forestry.

The constitution was approved by the National Assembly.

The objective of the Voluntary Guidelines is to provide practical guidance to States in their implementation of the progressive realization of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security, in order to achieve the goals of the World Food Summit Plan of Action. They provide an additional instrument to combat hunger and poverty and to accelerate attainment of the Millennium Development Goals.

The National Land Policy in Kenya: Critical Public Land Issues and Policy Statements is a guide to steer the debate and eventual formulation of a National Land Policy and legislative framework that will address issues of management and administration of public land in Kenya.

The Afghan National Assembly (Loya Jirga) approved the constitution before it was formally signed by transitional president Hamid Karzai.

The second volume of Land Reform, Land Settlement and Cooperatives for 2004 comprises eight articles that examine a range of areas central to land tenure activity. They provide a stimulating and, in some cases, critical set of perspectives on how best to tackle some of these issues.

En el presente documento se examinan diversos casos de proyectos en que se aplicaron enfoques o principios basados en los modos de vida sostenibles y que, como consecuencia de ello, surtieron un efecto concreto en la reducción de la pobreza. Puesto que no se trata de un estudio comparativo entre éste y otros tipos de enfoques, no se han tomado en consideración casos de planteamientos más “tradicionales”.

This paper sets out to explore the links between livelihood diversification and access to natural resources, and it does this bearing in mind the need to make micro-macro policy links between local level rural livelihoods and national level poverty reduction efforts represented by Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs).