This publication reports on a study of the increase in river salinity and the implemented control programs in five major irrigated basins in the arid zone. The study is limited to salinity.

Twenty million people live in or near Indonesia' s natural forests. The country's humid tropical forests are primarily in Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Irian Jaya. A devastating regional economic crisis that began in mid-1997 affected Indonesia more strongly than any other country in Asia. A random sample survey of 1050 households was conducted in six outer island provinces to understand the effects of the crisis on the well-being of forest villagers and on their agricultural and forest clearing practices.

Summary: "For decades, international lenders, agencies, and foundations
as well as national and local governments have spent millions of dollars trying
to “modernize” the traditional practices of farmers in many mountainous
areas of Southeast Asia—an agenda driven by the belief that their age-old
shifting cultivation practices (known pejoratively as “slash and burn”) are
deforesting Asia. But a new look at how forests fare under shifting cultivation
(as opposed to under permanent agriculture) clearly demonstrates that efforts

These Regulations aim at implementing the special protection of the basic farmland and promoting the development of agricultural production and the national economy. "Basic farmland" means cultivated land which is determined in accordance with the demand of the population of agricultural products, the needs of the national economy, as well as a forecast of the use of land for construction for specified period of time, and which shall not be occupied for other uses for a long term, or within the specified protective period.

This Act consists of 44 sections divided into 3 Parts. It regulates livestock and agricultural operations. It includes regulations for spreading manure or compost for all livestock operations in Alberta. The manure spreading regulations include requirements for manure incorporation, soil nitrogen and salinity limits, setback distances, record keeping and soil testing. The Natural Resources Conservation Board is responsible for the inspection, approval and authorization of livestock operations (for example seasonal feeding and bedding sites) and manure application.

These Regulations shall regulate the sustainable utilisation and conservation of resources in mountainous and hilly areas by and for the benefit of the people and communities living in the area and promote the integration of wise use of resources in mountainous and hilly areas into the local and national management of natural resources for socio-economic development. Principles of use of sloping land are laid down in article 4. A District Environment Committee may establish a sub-committee on soil conservation pursuant to article 5.

Soil conservation measures are prescribed and recommendations are given for the conservation of: (a) lowlands and flat areas and land sloping in various degrees, pasture lands and range lands. Measures are required for the environmentally sound production of food, wood, and other commodities based on sustainable use of land, species and ecosystem. In most areas of Uganda the combination of several conservation practices are recommended and packages will depend on area and crops, livestock and tree species on the land. Measures regard land moving works and cultivation/agro-forestry.

These guidelines contain principles of and rules for the management of hilly and mountainous areas. They define functions and duties of District Environment Committees and other local authorities in respect of management of hilly and mountainous areas duties of land owners in respect to use of grazing of livestock, cultivation, agroforestry and water run-off. Each District Council shall make bye-laws identifying mountainous and hilly areas within their jurisdiction which are at risk from environmental degradation.

The major objectives of this workshop are to sharpen the focus of ILRI's ecoregional research, to further identify commonalities in tools and new methods that can enable ILRI to do effective transregional research, and to identify improvements to the way in which ILRI does ecoregional research.