Peru is the eighth largest producer of cacao beans globally, but high cadmium contents are constraining access to international markets which have set upper thresholds for permitted concentrations in chocolate and derivatives. Preliminary data have suggested that high cadmium concentrations in cacao beans are restricted to specific regions in the country, but to date no reliable maps exist of expected cadmium concentrations in soils and cacao beans.

Mali is a landlocked, Sahelian country of West Africa. The Climate Change Vulnerability Index produced by ND-GAIN in 2016 ranked Mali as the 166th out of 181 most at climate change affected-risk countries in the world. It is the 9th most vulnerable country and the 43rd least ready country to address climate change effects. Mali is home to the inner delta of the Niger River that runs through nine countries in the region.

Presentation on CGIAR Initiative on Fragility to Resilience in Central and West Asia and North Africa (F2R-CWANA) approach to science for impact, for the Resilient AgriFood Systems (RAFS) Regional Integrated Initiatives (RIIs) Retreat, 1 March 2023, Nairobi.

India’s National Food Security Mission, guided by the National Food Security Act, initiated a submission on nutri-cereals focusing on millet crops. In the wake of contestations surrounding different frames of food security and food sovereignty, millet has emerged as a critisector pcal link between women’s labor and local food systems. In Nagaland, the North East Network is leading the revival of millet crops involving local communities, particularly women. In Odisha, a state-supported mission, the Odisha Millet Mission is creating new markets through an institutional process.

In rainfed agricultural systems, like in Lao PDR, where rainy season rainfall is a crucial water source for agricultural production, accurate prediction of the rainfall seasonality indices (onset, cessation, and LGP) is critical for agricultural planning. These indices determine the timing of land preparation, seeding, and transplanting of major crops, as well as the mobilization of seeds or crops. Accurate knowledge of the dates of rainfall seasonality indices reduces the risk of planting and sowing too late or too early.

Global and local data consistency and interoperability is lacking for many crucial aspects of agrobiodiversity. Here we present a summary of public data availability for agrobiodiversity-related indicators of regional agrifood systems. Data have been drawn from surveys, reports and censuses in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan. This brief can be used by researchers, policymakers, and development planners to understand the data landscape and to identify measurement priorities for future data collection and curation efforts.

Economic crises take different forms and occur for various reasons, such as political conflicts and pandemics. What all these crises have in common is that they cause disruption to rural-urban food supply chains, resulting in food shortages for the urban poor, with the most direct impact being an increase in food prices. It is within this challenging context that we present empirical examples of the role of urban agriculture.

Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa. According to a CSA (2021) livestock sample survey, the country possesses 70.3 million cattle, 42.9 million sheep, 52.5 million goats and 8.1 million camels. The livestock sector contributes about 45% of the agricultural GDP, 18.7% of the total national GDP, and 16–19% of the total foreign exchange earnings of the country (Behnke and Metaferia 2011). In Ethiopia, dairy production depends mainly on indigenous livestock genetic resources of cattle, camels and goats.