After forest governance reforms by the Brazilian government, Amazon deforestation rates dropped by almost 80% between 2004 and 2012. Since then, however, deforestation has slowly increased again, casting doubts on the long-term sustainability of past conservation policy achievements. Clearly, deforestation rates and the associated local drivers of land-use and land-cover change differ considerably across the region, and adapting public policies to dynamic local contexts and actor constellations remains a major challenge for decision-makers.

The zero-deforestation movement has gained considerable momentum as governments and companies enter into commitments to curb deforestation. The most innovative are multi-stakeholder initiatives, where governments and international organi- zations have joined with the private sector and civil society organizations in making commit- ments to reduce deforestation. These pledges have created opportunities for improved forest governance by envisaging the private sector at the centre of the movement.

The manual provides information on the procedures followed by field brigades for the establishment of conglomerates and permanent plots of the National Forest Inventory (IFN). It also provides information about the planning and execution of each of the phases contemplated by the operation, describes the methods, techniques and instruments used in the data collection, and details the process of filling out the formats created by IDEAM to record the data and field information.

The massive increase in demand for woodfuel for cooking caused by sudden influxes of refugees and other displaced people is usually the main driver of forest degradation and deforestation in displacement settings. It places enormous pressure on nearby forests and woodlands and is often a source of tension between the host and displaced communities. A lack of sufficient cooking fuel also has an impact on the nutrition and health of vulnerable people in such settings.

Smallholder farming constitutes an important but marginalized sector, responsible for most of the world’s agricultural production. This has a significant influence in the land use/cover change process and agrobiodiversity conservation, especially in mountainous regions of the developing world. Thus, the maintenance of sustainable smallholder farming systems represents a key condition for sustainable land management and to safeguard the livelihoods of millions of rural households.

Forest reference (emission) levels (FREL/FRLs) are baselines for REDD+, and 34 countries have submitted their FREL/FRLs to UNFCCC by January 2018. Most of them used simple historical average without considering the stages of forest transition. This research suggested that the period of calculating FREL/FRLs of simple historical average should be properly chosen if these countries are occupying multiple stages or sub-stages of forest transition.

The issue paper was developed as a summary of consultations from participants of the “RAFT 3 Policy Advocacy Workshop” held in Yangon in 2018. It aims to provide a snapshot of community access to markets in the region and the importance of supporting policies to provide enabling environment for communities to generate income from the forests for their livelihoods.

DECRETO por el que se abroga la Ley General de Desarrollo Forestal Sustentable, publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, el 25 de febrero de 2003, se expide la Ley General de Desarrollo Forestal Sustentable; y se reforma el primer párrafo al artículo 105 y se adiciona un segundo párrafo al mismo artículo de la Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente.

El manual proporciona información sobre los procedimientos que siguen las brigadas de campo para realizar el establecimiento de los conglomerados y parcelas permanentes del Inventario Forestal Nacional (IFN). Asimismo, suministra información acerca de la planificación y ejecución de cada una de las fases que contempla el operativo, describe los métodos, técnicas e instrumentos que se emplean en la toma de los datos, y detalla el proceso de diligenciamiento de los formatos creados por IDEAM para registrar los datos e información de campo.

Following the success of the inaugural Regional Land  Forum  in  Hanoi  in  2016,  the  Second Regional  Land  Forum  was  held  from  28-30th May,  2018,  in  Bangkok.  The  Regional  Land Forum  aims  to  provide  a  multi-stakeholder platform  for  networking  and  dialogue  on  land governance  issues  across  the  Mekong  region, particularly  Cambodia,  Laos,  Myanmar  and Vietnam  (CLMV).  The  Second  Regional  Land Forum  attracted  280 participants  –  comprising government,   private   sector,   civil   society, researchers,   community   members,   donors, development partners a

This toolbox was designed to enable citizen-based monitoring of community forestry. These tools were developed using livelihoods monitoring framework due to its ability to holistically capture CF group's outputs. The information is categorized according to five livelihood capitals: natural, financial, physical, human and social.