The people of the Maldives have made
substantial progress over the past two decades, as reflected
in rising incomes and improving social indicators. This
report provides an update on this progress, with an
integrative analysis of the Maldivian economy, including
recent economic developments, macroeconomic policies, and
prospects for growth and poverty reduction. In seeking to
become an upper middle income country, the Government of

The goal of this report has been to
assist the Kyrgyz authorities in designing and implementing
their National Poverty Reduction Strategy (NPRS). An interim
report focusing on the relation between growth and poverty,
with detailed analysis o f transmission mechanisms in labor
market and agricultural sector was presented to the
authorities in August 2002. The interim report delivery was
driven by the schedule of NPRS preparation. This final

This report provides public policy
makers with the information necessary to develop a rural
infrastructure strategy, it was not intended to represent a
strategy per se, merely to highlight the issues that need
greater consideration in the definition of a strategy. It
starts with an inventory of existing rural infrastructure
assets and a description of current institutional
arrangements. It follows with a snapshot of local

The increasing importance of the Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) in Tanzania, where 17 WMAs are now functioning and 22 others are in various stages of development, begs the question of what successes have been achieved and what challenges remain to be addressed if this Community-Based Conservation model is to be sustained and even scaled up. There has not been a country-wide evaluation of WMAs since the pilot-phase evaluation in 2007 at a time when most WMAs were too new to yield firm projections for the long term.

This paper looks at Valuation as an important component of land administration that has outgrown the land sector gradually becoming an independent professional discipline much to the chagrin of its hosts – the land administration. Valuation as a profession originated in the actual sale transactions in medieval Europe where buyers relied on experienced interventionists in the land/real estate market to advise on the size and buying price of real properties. Its eventual introduction to university curriculum has been diverse amongst different regions and at varying momentum.

The right to Compensation for the compulsory acquisition of real property is constitutional and most enabling laws prescribe valuation methods to be adopted in determining the compensation payable. This paper aims at ascertaining the implications of the constitutional provisions and its impact on the compensation payable. It reviews some legislation, prescribed compensation rates and a valuation report on the Obite- Ubeta- Rumuekpe (OUR) pipeline acquisition and analyses the valuation method used.

Gaining access to private lands in war-torn societies is a problem that confronts many governments, including Burundi when implementing public projects. Government officials hastily acquired private lands while implementing projects which are not always for public interests. Using the case study approach, the study explored what happened when land was acquired to erect a new Presidential Palace at Gasenyi area.

The future is increasingly urban and inevitably so. Urbanisation is increasing at unprecedented rate in both Sub-Saharan Africa and developing world (UN Habitat, 1999). Alongside this rapid expansion comes the emergence of the peri-urban areas that are characterised of increasing intensification and co-existence of urban and rural areas, marked by dynamic flows of commodities, capital, natural resources, people and environmental pollution.

Developing countries are facing a number of challenges in search of development. Various policies and strategies have been formulated and many are already in the process of implementation in different countries. Among the policies are National Land Policies (NLP).

The history of surveys and mapping in Tanzania has been influenced by two European cultures through its colonization; first by the German and then by the British. During the German Administration, surveys and mapping activities were carried out by the Department of Surveys and Agriculture from 1893 to 1914. When the British took over the mandate for the territory after World War I, the also used the “old” German maps until when they when they started the surveys to produce other topographic maps from 1946. In 1961, the Surveys and Mapping Division was created.

Planned efforts to relocate human populations often entail protracted struggles over the terms on which local populations may be compensated for the loss of land, assets and livelihoods. In many instances, compensation has been established on the basis of historical market value, which in effect excludes stakeholders (e.g., encroachers, landless laborers, sharecroppers, etc.) whose livelihoods are adversely affected by land acquisition. Establishing ways of recognizing and compensating the loss of informal land and livelihood is therefore a pressing policy priority.

The cadastral system in Kenya was established in 1903 to cater for land alienation for the white settlers. Since then, a hundred years later, the structure of the system has remained more or less the same despite major changes in surveying technology. The government of Kenya has realized that the current structure is not conducive to economic demands of the 21st century and is interested in re-organizing the structure in line with the current constitutional dispensation and new paradigms in land management.