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Displaying 221 - 225 of 1195Do farming practices affect natural enemies at the landscape scale?
Farming practices are rarely considered in the description of agricultural landscapes. However, the variety of cropping systems creates a particular kind of heterogeneity which can strongly affect the diversity of species living in agro-ecosystems, and consequently the ecosystem services they provide. In this study, we investigate the effects of landscape composition and configuration of organic and conventional farming practices on three groups of aphids’ natural enemies, compared to field habitat quality and land cover heterogeneity.
Vertical dust concentration measurements within the boundary layer to assess regional source–sink relations of dust in semi-arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China
Whether grazed semi-arid grassland can be regarded as a net-sink or net-source of aeolian dust is difficult to detect since deposition and emission processes are in gradual transition. In grassland, dust arrives from sources far away or is directly emitted and immediately part of the suspension load. The processes of dust emission or deposition can be mainly identified by vertical concentration measurements close to the ground and close to the sources.
analysis of spatio-temporal landscape patterns for protected areas in northern New England: 1900–2010
CONTEXT: Landscape ecology theory provides insight about how large assemblages of protected areas (PAs) should be configured to protect biodiversity. We adapted these theories to evaluate whether the emergence of decentralized land protection in a largely private landscape followed the principles of reserve design. OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to determine: (1) Are there distinct clusters of PAs in time and space? (2) Are PAs becoming more spatially clustered through time? and (3) Does the resulting PA portfolio have traits characteristic of ideal reserve design?
Effect of rainfall variation and landscape change on runoff and sediment yield from a loess hilly catchment in China
The semiarid Chinese Loess Plateau is notorious for severe drought, water erosion, and environmental degradation. Changes in landscape patterns and rainfall are key drivers that determine the dynamics of runoff loss and sediment yield from catchments. These factors have crucial implications for management of other fragile ecosystems around the globe. In this study, responses of surface runoff and sediment yield to land use and rainfall in a typical loess hilly catchment in 1997, 2005, and 2010 were analyzed. Several major findings are highlighted.
Vegetation coverage change in the EU: patterns inside and outside Natura 2000 protected areas
EU conservation policy is primarily based on the Natura 2000 network of protected areas (PAs). We analyzed the land-cover changes between 2000 and 2006 inside 25,703 Natura 2000 sites in 24 EU Member States, and compared them with those observed outside the PAs. At the EU level, ‘Artificial surfaces’ and ‘Agricultural areas’ exhibit lower rates of transformation within PAs than outside. ‘Forests and semi-natural areas’ marginally increased inside PAs, while they marginally decreased outside.