Global food demand is increasing rapidly, as are the environmental impacts of agricultural expansion. Here, we project global demand for crop production in 2050 and evaluate the environmental impacts of alternative ways that this demand might be met. We find that per capita demand for crops, when measured as caloric or protein content of all crops combined, has been a similarly increasing function of per capita real income since 1960. This relationship forecasts a 100–110% increase in global crop demand from 2005 to 2050.

Climate warming during the past century has imposed recession of glaciers and perennial snow/ice patches along the entire Swedish Scandes. On the newly exposed forefields, subfossil wood remnants are being outwashed from beneath ice and snow bodies. In Scandinavia, this kind of detrital wood is a previously unused source of postglacial vegetation and climate history. The present study reports radiocarbon dates of a set of 78 wood samples, retrieved from three main sites, high above modern treelines and stretching along the Swedish Scandes.

La deforestación tropical contribuye al cambio climático por ser la segunda fuente neta deemisión a la atmósfera de gases con efecto de invernadero. El objetivo del artículo fue laidentificación de la importancia relativa de los determinantes de la deforestación observadaen Urabá, 1980-2000. Para ello se usaron modelos conceptuales basados en teoría económicadel uso de la tierra rural, junto con modelos estadísticos discretos dicotómicos en los que seempleó información espacialmente explícita.

Biofuels are fuels produced from biomass, mostly in liquid form, within a time frame sufficiently short to consider that their feedstock (biomass) can be renewed, contrarily to fossil fuels. This paper reviews the current and future biofuel technologies, and their development impacts (including on the climate) within given policy and economic frameworks. Current technologies make it possible to provide first generation biodiesel, ethanol or biogas to the transport sector to be blended with fossil fuels.

This review outlines livestock's major emission pathways and production trends, and explores the challenges and options for livestock in addressing and coping with climate change. Ruminant production is, and will continue to be, the chief source of the livestock sector's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mainly as a result of deforestation, land degradation and enteric fermentation.

Since 2000, US$ 2.0-2.7 billion has been invested in feedstock cultivation for biofuel in 16 forest-rich countries, mostly in oil palm and sugarcane. An additional US$ 5.7-6.7 billion has been invested in biofuel production, especially sugar-based ethanol. While investments in some countries are driven by domestic policies to reduce fossil fuel imports, most are export driven. Sugar-based ethanol offers more opportunities to capture value added than biodiesel feedstocks which are amenable to export and processing abroad.

Het Brabantse landelijke gebied is een dicht bevolkt en gereguleerd landschap. De vraag naar ruimte is groot en vaak conflicterend. Klimaatadaptatie maatregelen gericht op het omgaan met de effecten van klimaatverandering kunnen een extra ruimteclaim leggen op de schaarse ruimte. Het project multifunctioneel landgebruik heeft de volgende resultaten opgeleverd: 1) Een overzicht en analyse van de praktische toepassing van multifunctioneel landgebruik als klimaatadaptatie strategie voor de hoge zandgronden.

Klimaatverandering stelt u als professional voor lastige vraagstukken. U wilt zorgen dat mensen in uw dorp, stad of regio aangenaam en veilig kunnen blijven werken, wonen en recreëren. Ook als de temperatuur oploopt, de zeespiegel stijgt en er teveel of juist te weinig neerslag valt. Het Ruimte voor Klimaat - Praktijkboek voor Klimaatbestendig Inrichten is met deze website opgezet om u daarbij te helpen

Dryland mountains are among the least-known environments in the world, and certainly one of the most overlooked by decision- and policy-makers. Dryland mountains have an outstanding strategic value. They act as water towers for surrounding dry lowland areas, as shown by the examples of the Rocky Mountains of North America, the Central Andes, the mountains of the Mediterranean Basin, the Sahara and Sub-Saharan Africa, West Asia, and Central Asia

The report addresses a much debated issue – bioenergy and associated land use change, and how the climate change mitigation from use of bioenergy can be influenced by greenhouse gas emissions arising from land use change. The purpose of this background report is to supply a more detailed, fully referenced version for practitioners, and researchers, in support of the short version (IEA Bioenergy: ExCo:2010:03) which was aimed at policy advisors and policy makers.

Land is a scare resource involving a wide range of rights and responsibilities. When poorly managed, it can become contentious often leading to disputes, conflict, degradation and other problems, all of them drivers of slum development and poverty in urban areas.
In this issue of Urban World: