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Global trends and the future of rural areas

Journal Articles & Books
Global

Rural areas are not exempted from the impacts of globalisation. Global trends affecting agriculture are particularly significant in this respect. A number of options are available to developing countries in responding to these trends. Given the scarcity of resources it is important that they choose carefully. If they fail to respond, rural areas will become even more marginalized than they are already.

A view from the North. Rural areas in 2016: Vibrant or vacant?

Journal Articles & Books
Somalia
Kenya
Sudán

Two images have dominated the northern media in recent months.The first is of desolation in remote, rural areas in Africa affected by drought, conflict or famine, such as in Somalia, northern Kenya or Darfur, Sudan. The second is a different kind of desolation - that of urban squalor as portrayed in the film «The Constant Gardener». Nairobi's Kibera, which provides a backdrop for the film, is a bustling shantytown with a population of ca.

Environment Act 2001.

Legislation
Lesotho
África austral
África

This Act makes provision for the establishment of the National Environment Council, the Lesotho Environment Authority, the National Environmental Fund and the Environmental Tribunal and provides in general for the conservation and management of the environment in Lesotho.The Act consists of 123 sections divided into 16 Parts: Preliminary (I); General Principles (II); Institutional Arrangements (III); Environmental Planning (IV); Environmental Impact Assessment, Audits and Monitoring (V); Environmental Quality Standards (VI); Pollution Control (VII); Environmental Management (VIII); Environm

Environmental Management Act [Chapter 20:27].

Legislation
Zimbabwe
África
África oriental

This Act provides for the establishment of the National Environmental Council, the Environmental Management Agency, Environment Management Board, the Standards and Enforcement Committee and the Environment Fund, provides for the formulation of environmental quality standards and environmental plans, provides for environmental impact assessments audit and monitoring of projects and for other matters relative to management and conservation of the environment.The Act consists of 143 sections divided into 16 Parts: Preliminary (I); General Principles of Environmental Management and Functions of

Afar National Regional State Rural Lands Administration and Use Proclamation No. 49/2009.

Legislation
Etiopía
África
África oriental

This Proclamation of the Afar National Regional State establishes a rural land administration system that is suitable for natural resource management and protection and that incentivizes investment within the traditional clan-based communal land tenure system. Laws that pertain to lands designated as forest lands, wildlife sanctuaries, biodiversity protected lands, environmental and natural resource conservation and preservation areas shall not be affected by this Proclamation. The Proclamation, among other things: provides for survey, registration, certification etc.

Public Purpose Land Exchange Authorization Act of 1937 (P.L. 5-33).

Legislation
Islas Marianas del Norte
Oceanía

This Act authorizes the Marianas Public Land Corporation to enter into agreements by which the Government obtains freehold interest in private land in exchange for a freehold interest in private land to be assigned to a private landowner.Exchange of land shall be authorized for a public purpose as defined by this Act. The Act sets out the conditions at which an agreement may be made and defines some terms of the agreement. The Corporation may exchange land at its own initiative but “protected resources” and adjacent areas shall be excluded from public lands that may be exchanged.

The Second National Environmental Action Programme.

National Policies
Armenia
Asia occidental
Asia

The Second National Environmental Action Programme is a sectoral national programme of the Republic of Armenia applicable to the period 2008-2012. Its main objective is to provide a systematized package of environmental policy instruments to minimize the pressure on the natural environment.Among the measures aiming for environmental protection, the Programme pertains to management of various types of natural resources. Among them, it covers the issue of land resource management.

Protection of the Environment Act 2003.

Legislation
Irlanda
Europa
Europa septentrional

The Environmental Protection Agency shall be the competent authority for the purposes of the Directive on integrated pollution prevention and control here implemented. As competent authority for the purposes of the Directive, the Agency shall, amongst other things, keep itself informed of developments in best available techniques.

Chittagong Hill Tracts Treaty, 1997.

International Conventions or Treaties
Bangladesh
Asia
Asia meridional

The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) peace accord was signed on December 2, 1997 in Dhaka at the Prime Minister's office between the government and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samity (PCJSS). However, some hill tribe sects and organisations have rejected the accord. Both sides, considering CHT as Tribal Populated Region, recognised the necessity for protection of the character of this region and for overall development of it.

Decree No. 9 of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection validating the Instruction on the modalities of performance of local environmental monitoring by legal persons performing economic and other activities causing negative envi...

Regulations
Belarús
Europa oriental
Europa

This Decree establishes the modalities of performance of local environmental monitoring by legal persons performing economic and other activities causing negative environmental impact, including ecologically hazardous activities. Local environmental monitoring shall be integral part of the National environmental monitoring system. Local environmental monitoring shall include: (a) emissions to the atmospheric air by stationary sources; (b) effluent waste water discharge to surface waterbodies; (c) groundwater in areas of potential pollution; and (d) soil in areas of potential pollution.