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Historical Changes of Land Tenure and Land Use Rights in a Local Community: A Case Study in Lao PDR

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016
Laos

Land-titling programs, land and forest allocation programs, and projects on state-allocated land for development and investment in Laos have been key drivers of change in land tenure. These have triggered major shifts in land use rights, from customary, to temporary, and then to permanent land use rights. This article explores how government programs to grant land use rights to individual households have affected the way people have been able to acquire and secure land tenure.

Parents' Perception towards Inclusion of Agriculture in School Curriculum in Rural India

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016
India

A bstract Purpose : The study aims at analysing the influence of demographics factors on inclusion of agriculture in school curriculum. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted in five villages of Rewari district in Haryana using a Mixed Methods Research Approach. After a qualitative discussion with the parents in groups, a personal interview survey was administered among 75 parents having diverse demographic and socio-economic profiles.

Migration motivation of agriculturally educated rural youth: The case of Russian Siberia

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016
Russia

The migration of young people from rural areas is common in all agricultural regions of Russia, and Altai Krai, located in southwestern Siberia, is no exception. Out-migration, aversion to working in agriculture and the aging of farmers and farm managers are serious problems that raise questions about who will work in agriculture in the future. This paper aims to investigate factors that affect the decisions of agricultural students from Altai Krai to out-migrate or to return to their rural parental municipalities after finishing their university studies.

Environmental changes in the Polish agriculture - toward the bio-economy

Conference Papers & Reports
december, 2016
Poland
Latvia

This paper attempts to provide an interdisciplinary concept of the bio-economy in the context of environmental changes in the Polish agriculture. Various definitions of bio-economy have been presented and its place in the sustainable development theory has been described. The aim of this paper is to present the environmental changes in Polish agriculture in the context of the bio-economy. For this purpose uses the information published by the Central Statistical Office and Eurostat. To showcase and presentation methods were used descriptive and tabular.

Investing in Africa’s Agriculture

Reports & Research
Policy Papers & Briefs
december, 2016
China
Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa

Agriculture has been essentially the backbone of economic growth for centuries. The sector has provided employment for the majority of the world population for generations, and has served as a powerful force in transforming of economies towards an industry- and service- based. In many countries, through both productivity increases and farm land expansion, agriculture contributed to the transformation by releasing labor force for the other parts of the economy, providing food security, keeping wage down by providing low cost food, and generating foreign exchange.

Madagascar Economic Update, December 2016

Reports & Research
Training Resources & Tools
december, 2016
Madagascar
Africa

Even though a large majority of poor households are engaged in agriculture, per capita productivity and real levels of sectoral growth remain low in Madagascar. Approximately 80 percent of the population are engaged in agriculture, which provides the main source of income for households, albeit at subsistence levels. Cultivation practices are based on extensification strategies with implications for Madagascar’s fragile natural resource base, rather than improving the productivity of existing farms and land use.

A livelihood in a risky environment: farmers’ preferences for irrigation with wastewater in Hyderabad, India

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016
India

Most cities in developing countries fail to treat their wastewater comprehensively. Consequently, farmers downstream use poor-quality water for irrigation. This practice implies risks for farmers, consumers and the environment. Conversely, this water supply supports the livelihood of these farmers and other stakeholders along the value chains. Linking safer options for wastewater management with irrigation could therefore be a win–win solution: removing the risks for society and maintaining the bene ts for farmers.

Agricultural land investments and water management in the office du Niger, Mali: options for improved water pricing

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016

Large-scale agricultural land investments in Africa are often considered solely from the land perspective. Yet land, water and other natural resources are closely interlinked in agricultural production and in sustaining rural livelihoods. Such investments involving irrigation will potentially have implications for water availability and utilization by other users, making it imperative to regard water as an economic rather than a free good.

Assisting community management of groundwater: irrigator attitudes in two watersheds in Rajasthan and Gujarat, India

Journal Articles & Books
december, 2016
India

The absence of either state regulations or markets to coordinate the operation of individual wells has focussed attention on community level institutions as the primary loci for sustainable groundwater management in Rajasthan and Gujarat, India. The reported research relied on theoretical propositions that livelihood strategies, groundwater management and the propensity to cooperate are associated with the attitudinal orientations of well owners in the Meghraj and Dharta watersheds, located in Gujarat and Rajasthan respectively.

Big win: Trees on agricultural land sink four times more carbon

Policy Papers & Briefs
december, 2016

Recent studies show that carbon

sequestered by trees on agricultural

land is not well accounted for. If it was,

researchers argue in a new study: “Global

Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on

Agricultural Land: The contribution

of agroforestry to global and national

carbon budgets,” total carbon estimates

from agricultural land could be more

than four times higher.