This study examines a broad selection of
sustainable transport sector policy options from the
standpoint of a common set of consistently defined
attributes. Ideally, sustainable transport development
should focus on the economic, environmental and social
dimensions of sustainable development. However, in this
volume, the first two aspects receive greater attention. The
social dimension is examined mainly from the equity

This case study, one of six evaluations
in a series of country case studies, aims to understand the
implementation of the 1991 Forest Strategy in World Bank
operations and to obtain the views of the various
stakeholders in the country about the involvement of the
Bank. Each country study examines the overall development of
the country's forest sector. This naturally includes
the environmental impacts on forests, such as degradation,

The World Bank Group (WBG) has a long
experience in engaging in biodiversity with world-class
expertise in the field. It has been the single largest
funder of biodiversity investments since the late 1980s. The
WBG investments have largely been of two kinds: (1)
investments in biodiversity, aimed at the conservation and
sustainable use of species, habitats, and ecosystems that
sustain healthy ecosystems, while enhancing people's

Planning for climate resilience growth is increasingly important for the natural resource dependent economy of Tanzania. Central government does not have the knowledge, reach, skills or resources needed to plan for the range of livelihoods within Tanzania; but local governments, if granted the authority and resources, could plan with communities in the flexible, timely and appropriate manner that climate variability demands.

Community forestry offers a tried and true model for approaching national Safeguard Information Systems (SIS) under REDD+. RECOFTC agrees with the global consensus that REDD+ SIS should be based upon existing, equitable and participatory systems.

The stories in this report illustrate the invaluable contributions being made by community members, pioneering government personnel and others who are actively participating in forest management – leading to improved livelihoods, and more equity and a fairer share of benefits. The stories highlight the challenges faced and opportunities created by people in Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Viet Nam who are promoting community forestry.

A medida que la comunidad mundial intenta abordar el tema del cambio climático a través de medidas de adaptación y mitigación en el paisaje en países en desarrollo, se realza cada vez más la importancia que reviste la tenencia de recursos.

Senegal is located in the Sahel region of West Africa. Between 1970 and 2000, the country suffered prolonged droughts that contributed to rural exodus. Communities in these peri-urban areas, already among the poorest in the country, are the most vulnerable to episodes of heavy rainfall and subsequent flooding. The impact of floods in this situation of uncontrolled urban growth is exacerbated by the lack of a functional storm water drainage system, ineffective land-use policies and non-compliance with the urban planning and development master plan.

Covers land law reform; the role of the full ‘bundle of land rights’, which extends well beyond ownership rights; how Rwanda’s Regional Crop Specialization Policy and Crop Intensification Programme work; the impact of land use consolidation, including on farmers’ resilience to climate change; and the government’s broader ‘target-driven’ approach to agricultural reform.

Deeper regional integration can be
beneficial especially for regions along international
borders. It can open up new markets on opposite sides of
borders and give consumers wider access to cheaper goods.
This paper uses data from five contiguous districts of
India, Nepal, and Bangladesh in the northeast of the
subcontinent to measure the degrees of trade complementarity
between districts. The paper illustrates that the regions

This paper examines whether countries
consider the welfare of other nations when they make water
development decisions. The paper estimates econometric
models of the location of major dams around the world as a
function of the degree of international sharing of rivers.
The analysis finds that dams are more prevalent in areas of
river basins upstream of foreign countries, supporting the
view that countries free ride in exploiting water resources.

This green growth country assessment for
Former Yugoslav Republic (FYR) Macedonia aims to define the
outlines of a green growth path and the initial steps along
that path. According to the World Bank's recent
flagship report, green growth is 'growth that is
efficient in its use of natural resources, clean in that it
minimizes pollution and environmental impacts, and resilient
in that it accounts for natural hazards and the role of