ICARDA has long-standing outreach programs in North Africa, the Nile Valley, and the Red Sea region (Fig 2). In its current strategic plan, the Center will extend its work to the drylands of Sub-Saharan Africa.

This report provides a state-of-the-art overview of governance literature on adaptation strategies. What has recent research taught us on adaptation from the perspective of governance and to what research agenda does this lead? This report is structured as followed. Firstly, it will be argued why adaptation is a matter of governance. Secondly, the research methods for the literature study will be outlined.

Dit rapport presenteert een beknopt overzicht van de stand van zaken (state-of-the-art) in het nationale en internationale onderzoek naar de relatie van klimaatverandering en bodem en van de mogelijkheden om de bodem te gebruiken voor slimme en effectieve adaptatie aan klimaatverandering in Nederland. De analyse is gericht op alle typen bodems die in Nederland voorkomen en omvat zowel natuurlijke en kunstmatig gevormde bodems, bodems in en onder bebouwd gebied en (onder)waterbodems

Ter ondersteuning van de politiek bestuurlijke besluitvorming over de toekomst van het Volkerak-Zoommeer heeft het nationaal onderzoekprogramma Kennis voor Klimaat de wetenschappelijke kennis en inzichten, die hiervoor van belang zijn, op een rijtje gezet. In deze studie is de nadruk gelegd op de lange termijn: in hoeverre past het zout maken van het Volkerak-Zoommeer in een lange termijn strategie voor klimaatadaptatie.

The Kyoto Protocol negotiated in the mid-1990s to address climate change adaptation and mitigation will be replaced by a post-Kyoto agreement in 2012. The new agreement under negotiation needs to seal the policy gaps in adaptation and mitigation that were omitted or excluded from Kyoto on account of scientific uncertainties. Particular attention needs to be given to the potential of land in all its dimensions considering its high capacity to store carbon. Land stores twice as much organic carbon as vegetation and the atmosphere combined.

Cambio climático, acuerdos justos y vinculantes
 *Rodrigo López Sánchez
 La trayectoria de los desastres naturales en Sudamérica, cuyas incidencias fueron cada vez mayores en las últimas décadas, resume un conjunto de fenómenos irreversibles, como la desaparición de las cumbres nevadas en los Andes, y caracterizados por una creciente intensidad, como frecuentes lluvias torrenciales. Sus efectos continúan siendo muy sentidos por la población y por las economías de los países.

The issue of climate change was already being discussed in the 1980s as scientists raised alarm over the world's increasing emission of manmade green house gases (GHGs), the main cause of global warming. In 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), began to look into the effects of manmade GHG emissions on climate change. Following the release of the IPCC findings in 1990, the United Nations initiated the process of convening countries with the goal of reducing man-made GHG emissions and helping countries adapt to climate change.

 *Asier Hernando

The pace and nature of change in the agriculture and food systems around the globe and in India dictate that neither FAO nor India can afford to adopt a business-as-usual approach to determining future collaborative effort. The National Medium Term Priority Framework (NMTPF) is intended to provide a framework for FAO and the GoI to work in partnership with local stakeholders to make a contribution to the development of the food and agriculture system of India.

Following the first NMTPF for Cambodia, the current NMTPF represents a renewed efforts to articulate FAO’s assistance to this country in a coherent Programming Framework aligned with national priorities. NMTPF is a planning, management and monitoring tool through which both the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) and FAO identify a set of medium-term priorities for FAO assistance, consistent with the policies and development goals pursued by the Government and the strategy pursued by FAO.

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Cuando en el año 2000 se aprobaron los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM), la comunidad internacional contrajo un compromiso sin precedentes para satisfacer las necesidades de los pobres del mundo y salvaguardarlos de las amenazas del siglo XXI2. Los mandatarios de 147 Estados reafirmaron los principios de reducción de la pobreza, gobernanza democrática y protección de los derechos humanos, que han sido el núcleo del sistema de las Naciones Unidas desde su creación tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

China is experiencing rapid and large scale urbanization, and the resulting local and global urban environmental challenges are unprecedented. The Chinese Government has fully recognized these challenges and is aiming to promote more sustainable urbanization in line with the objectives of the eleventh five year plan, which calls for 'building a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society'. Various initiatives are being pursued to support this objective, both at the national and local levels.