Human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) quantifies alteration of the biosphere caused by land use change and biomass harvest. In global and regional scale assessments, the majority of HANPP is associated with agricultural biomass harvest. We adapted these methods to the watershed scale and calculated land cover change and HANPP in an agricultural watershed in 1968 and 2011. Between 1968 and 2011, forest cover remained near 50% of the watershed, but row crop decreased from 26% to 0.4%, pasture increased from 19% to 32%, and residential area increased from 2% to 10%.

Over the last decade considerable research has been conducted on the development and the impacts of large-scale economic land concessions for plantations in Laos and Cambodia. These studies have variously illustrated that concessions frequently result in serious negative impacts on local people and the environment, often leading to dramatic transformations of landscapes and livelihoods. As important as this research has been, these studies have largely focused on the immediate impacts of the “enclosure” process associated with gaining access to land by investors.

Os últimos anos têm sido acompanhados pela implementação de grandes projectos económicos, geradores de um novo dinamismo em cidades como Maputo, Tete ou Nacala. As comunidades camponesas mais próximas destas áreas de implementação enfrentam uma dinâmica dicotómica. Por um lado, a proximidade relativamente a mercados em crescimento e a facilidade de escoamento dos produtos oferece vantajosas condições de produção, potenciando a retenção no campo, o investimento na agricultura e a inserção nos mercados.

Agriculture, countryside and peasantry have been priority concerns of the Chinese govern- ment, with land and agriculture being the most crucial. With a growing population, less arable land and often relatively low-quality land, Chinese peasant agriculture has been undergoing a form of modernization.While peasants enjoy land-contract rights as a result of the Household Responsibility System (HRS), the state has been promoting transfer of land-use rights in order to promote modern agriculture.

This Decision approves the adjusted master plan on socio-economic development of Thanh Hoa province through 2020, with orientations toward 2030, with the following principal contents: 1. The master plan on socio-economic development of Thanh Hoa province through 2020, with orientations toward 2030, must be in line with the country’s socio-economic development strategy and the master plans on socio-economic development of the northern central and central coastal regions; and harmonized with the country’s sectoral master plans. 2.

Para que esta publicação possa cumprir seu propósito, é necessário entender a importância do controle social para a formulação e implementação de políticas públicas no Brasil e sua ligação com aconstrução de uma sociedade democrática.

Mudanças importantes ocorreram no cenário político institucional e nas dinâmicas sociais nos últimos vinte anos no Brasil. O marco inicial destas transformações pode ser fixado a partir da promulgação da nova Constituição que rege o tecido jurídico e societário brasileiro na atualidade. Todavia, fixar uma marca temporal é sempre complicado quando se trata de entender os pro‑ cessos sociais e suas mudanças, especialmente quando sabemos das interfaces entre passado e presente.

O arquipélago dos Bijagós, na Guiné-Bissau, ocupa um lugar preponderante entre os grandes
monumentos naturais do litoral oeste africano. Com cerca de 80 ilhas e ilhéus dispersos sobre
aproximadamente 10.000 km², constitui um espaço natural e cultural particular ainda bem
preservado, não obstante a crescente pressão externa e as novas lógicas de desenvolvimento
socioeconómico. Este equilíbrio é mantido graças a uma forte integração de valores culturais
e naturais, mantida graças à noção do sagrado ainda fortemente presente no seio das sociedades

Global food production needs to be increased by 60–110% between 2005 and 2050 to meet growing food and feed demand. Intensification and/or expansion of agriculture are the two main options available to meet the growing crop demands. Land conversion to expand cultivated land increases GHG emissions and impacts biodiversity and ecosystem services. Closing yield gaps to attain potential yields may be a viable option to increase the global crop production. Traditional methods of agricultural intensification often have negative externalities.

This is the report of a workshop held on 8 and 9 June 2015 in Bamako, Mali, to present and discuss the results of a study on securing irrigated land tenure in the six countries within the Permanent Inter-State Committee for the Fight against Drought in the Sahel (CILSS) in the context of the "Dakar Declaration".

This Decision approves the adjusted master plan on socio-economic development of Dong Nai province through 2020, with a vision toward 2025, with the following principal contents: To further bring into play the existing comparative advantages and internal resources in association with mobilizing external resources to maintain a fast and stable growth rate. To develop industries in depth and in an environment-friendly manner, prioritize the attraction of investment in hi-tech industrial projects and supporting industries of mechanical engineering, electricity and electronics.

Conservation initiatives to protect valued species communities in human-dominated landscapes face challenges linked to their potential costs. Conservation covenants on private land may represent a cost-effective alternative to land purchase, although many questions on the long-term monitoring and enforcement costs of covenants and the risk of violation or legal challenges remain unquantified. We explore the cost-effectiveness of conservation covenants, defined here as the fraction of the high-biodiversity landscape potentially protected via investment in covenants versus land purchase.