The effects of climate change and variability cause a shift in climatic patterns and increasing shocks. These changes and shocks are affecting soil that is the backbone of many, particularly the farming communities. Climate-Smart soil (CSS) practices among farmers are known to rehabilitate and protect it. These practices will improve soil fertility, increase crop productivity and mitigate climate change as soil act as carbon sinks.

Human activities are driving wildlife population declines worldwide. However, empirical understandings of their operation and consequences for wildlife populations and habitats are limited. We explored relationships between empirical and perceived wildlife and livestock population trends in Kenya using data on i) aerial monitoring of wildlife and livestock populations during 1977-2018, ii) human population censuses; and iii) semi-structured interviews with 338 male and female respondents from 250 households from four zones of the Greater Maasai Mara Ecosystem in 2019 and 2020.

With PIM/FTA support, CIFOR collaborated with multi-stakeholder fora in Peru and Indonesia to develop a tool that allows participants to reflect on the processes and progress of their fora so that more equitable processes and outcomes may emerge. Partnering with Peru’s Service for Natural Protected Areas (SERNANP), CIFOR adapted this tool for implementation by the multi-stakeholder management committees of 76 protected areas covering 15% of Peru’s territory. In 2021, the tool was included in SERNANP’s official guidebook for management committees.

The Climate-Smart Village (CSV) features a participatory platform that helps address climate change impacts on agriculture in farming communities, taking into consideration the climate-smart agriculture (CSA) options which are ecologically, culturally and gender-responsive. Its design includes providing a portfolio of practices, technologies and innovations that address food security, adaptation and mitigation and support services.

In most developing countries, agriculture plays a crucial role in livelihoods and economic development.
The sector employs between 60 to 80% of active populations in least developed countries (LDCs) and
contributes to a large share in the national GDP (Huyer 2016). However, there is growing evidence that
climate change is interacting with multiple stressors of the agricultural sectors of LDCs, challenging
efforts to achieving food and nutrition security targets of the sustainable development goals [Partey et al.

Protocol has been developed, piloted, and revised and is now guiding case studies at additional sites. UPDATE 2021: Protocol has been published. CGIAR research based on the protocol has been published.

Agricultural innovation scaling approaches tend to be empirical but do not sufficiently take into account the complex realities of ‘softer elements’ such as people, supply chains, markets, financing mechanisms, policies and regulations, professional knowledge, power relations, incentives and history. As a consequence, scaling initiatives often do not produce the desired impacts and, in some instances, may even produce undesirable impacts.