Mediating Forest Transitions: Grand Design or Muddling Through
Present biodiversity conservation programmes in the remaining extensive forest blocks of the humid trop-ics are failing to achieve outcomes that will be viable in the medium to long term. Too much emphasis is given to what we term grand design-ambitious and idealistic plans for conservation. Such plans im-plicitly oppose or restrict development and often attempt to block it by speculatively establishing paper parks. Insufficient recognition is given to the inevitable long term pressures for conversion to other land uses and to the weakness of local constituencies for conservation.