The Asia-Pacific region is experiencing rapid changes. There is a major need to strengthen capacities to assist countries and forestry stakeholders to respond in ways that benefit both people and forests.

PES is a new concept gaining momentum in the Asia-Pacific region. But what are the enabling conditions for employing PES schemes, and how can they be made pro-poor? Payment for Environmental Services (PES) sets up systems where beneficiaries of environmental services reward the providers of such services with payments or other non-financial goods (market access, land security, public services, infrastructure, capacity building).

In customary international and public law, “takings” resulting from regulations designed to protect the public good are generally excluded from compensation rules; this exclusion is known as a police powers carve-out (PPCO). Increasingly, this PPCO is being challenged, particularly in international investment law. This paper analyzes the efficiency properties of a PPCO in a model with endogenous regulation, investment and entry.

Climate change, deforestation and the fate of Amazon. Understanding and mitigation the impact of the increasing population and global economic activities on tropical forests is one of the greatest challenges for scientists and policy makers. A summary of some of the latest findings and thinking on this topic has been reported by Malhi and colleagues in a recent paper published on Science. An overview and comments on this paper is herein proposed.

This Decree, consisting of 40 articles divided into six Chapters, provides for the establishment, operation, state management of and policies toward industrial parks, export processing zones, economic zones and border-gate economic zones. This Decree applies to state management agencies, organizations and individuals related to activities of investment, production and business in industrial parks, export processing zones, economic zones and border-gate economic zones. The Decree is divided as follows: General Provisions (Chap.

This review of public expenditures on Social Protection (SP) in Nicaragua is based on the analytical framework of Social Risk Management (SRM) developed by the World Bank. The concept of managing social risk comes from the notion that certain groups in society are vulnerable to unexpected shocks which threaten their livelihood and/or survival. Social protection focuses on the poor since they are more vulnerable to the risks and normally do not have the instruments to handle these risks.

This review focuses on the role of local institutions in adaptation to climate change. It does so under the belief that climate impacts will affect disadvantaged social groups more disproportionately, and that local institutions centrally influence how different social groups gain access to and are able to use assets and resources.

Despite programmes for rural land reform and redistribution around the world, inequitable land distribution and rural poverty remain profound in much of the rural South. Suggests a new approach to land reform and rural development. ‘Rural territorial development’ is based on and encourages shared territorial identity (distinctive productive, historical, cultural and environmental features) amongst different stakeholders and social groupings. Builds on the fact that rural people’s livelihood strategies are complex and often mostly non-agricultural in nature.

Con el presente trabajo presentamos dos áreas naturales protegidas, ubicadas en dos regiones ecológicas y culturales representativas de la biodiversidad de México: Zona Protectora Forestal Cañadas de Contreras Distrito Federal y la reserva de Biosfera, Sierra de Huautla Morelos. Aplicando el enfoque de metabolismo social, etnográfico y cualitativo se evalúa la evolución de la propiedad en nuestro país y su relación con los procesos demográficos y socioeconómicos.

Both Parties agree to cooperate on land resource management,land administration and immigrant resettlement. The cooperation mentioned in this Memorandum of Understanding may include, but is not limited to, the following areas of common interest:   1. Development, protection, management and utilization of land resources;   2. Land information management, land surveys, cadastre updates, land registration, statistics, valuation, and the application of modern technologies in these areas;   3. Land use planning;   4. Land market, land allocation, relevant laws and regulations;   5.

Focusing on the case of Virunga National Park (PNVi) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this paper looks at Multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) and the impact of ongoing conflict. It also discusses opportunities for elevating environment-conflict issues to international policy levels to help save important ecosystems in times of conflict. It is explained that for the past two decades, the park and the surrounding area in North Kivu province have experienced near-constant violent conflict.

Focusing on Sarawak, this paper confronts the misleading claims of the Malaysian palmoil lobby and aims to inform decision makers about the serious sustainability challenges the palm oil sector faces on the ground. Key areas of contention highlighted include that: