In the last 20 years HIV/AIDS has progressed from seemingly isolated small epidemics to a more generalized epidemic. In countries hard hit by the epidemic, HIV/AIDS continues to contribute to the problems faced by youth. A serious consequence of the AIDS epidemic is the growing number of AIDS orphans. In 2003 there were a total of 43 million orphans in Sub-Saharan Africa, of whom 12.3 million were orphaned by AIDS.

With increasing competition for water across sectors and regions, the river basin has been recognized as the appropriate unit of analysis for addressing the challenges of water resources management. Modeling at this scale can provide essential information for policymakers in their resource allocation decisions. A river basin system is made up of water source components, instream and off-stream demand components, and intermediate (treatment and recycling) components.

"This paper highlights the difference between secure investor property rights and loosely defined individual property rights. Globalization and fiscal decentralization have intensified this difference.

Sharp inequalities in the distribution of land remains a major cause of extreme poverty in many developing countries. Some instances are the result of ownership patterns inherited from colonial administrations, others are linked to the struggle for economic prosperity in the post-independence era.Landlessness is therefore a significant problem for the rural poor. Most remedies that have been undertaken previously have not yielded positive results, as can be witnessed in Southern Africa today.

The objective of this Regulation is to define procedures and principles regarding the implementation of the Law on Soil Preservation and Land Utilization. A nine-member Land Preservation Board shall be established in each province, chaired by the Governor. Its main tasks include, inter alia, the research, assessment and monitoring of all activities involving land utilization; and, the implementation and conformity of national, regional or local level plans. Procedural details are provided in the Regulation.

Covers land-tenure system in Amhara Region, the land rights registration process, women’s access to and control of land, land use by men and women, marital property rights, inheritance rights, female-headed households, legal services, conclusions and recommendations.

Este relatório representa uma actividade do Programa de Legislação de Terras (LLPII) de Timor-Leste da United States Agency for International Development (USAID), que exige um estudo comparativo da organização, jurisdição e coordenação das instituições governamentais que se ocupam das questões da terra.

Organic law N° 08/2005 of 14th July 2005 Determining the Use and Management of Land in Rwanda.
Published on the 15 September 2005

The paper explores whether the post-Cold War rule of law reform agenda in sub-Saharan Africa has enhanced or impeded gender equity. Argues that a large part of the gender equality agenda remains unaddressed by the legal and institutional reforms undertaken so far. The section on reforms to property laws suggests that they have at worst deepened gender inequality and at best left biases intact. Official discussion of gender and land tenure remains disconnected from broader processes of economic restructuring.

Report divided into 5 themes: legal issuers of women’s rights to land and property in Namibia; traditional institutions on women’s land and property rights; HIV/AIDS, land and property rights, and livelihood strategies; Namibian experiences; regional experiences (Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe).