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The voracious appetites of public versus private property: a view of intellectual property and biodiversity from legal pluralism

Policy Papers & Briefs
juni, 2005
India

In an opening vignette to an otherwise insightful article, Carol M. Rose (2003) comparespeople who hold intellectual property rights to poor villagers in India. They put effort and timeinto developing small but productive properties, only to have the wild tiger or rogue elephant ofthe public domain trample them or eat them up. In extreme cases, IP "villages" are abandonedand left to "the jungle" of public property.

The Human Face of Resource Conflict: Property and Power in Nigeria

Journal Articles & Books
juni, 2005
Nigeria

This paper considers possible answers to these difficult questions by focusing on two issues: the evolution of legal norms in response to both endogenous and exogenous changes, and the role that African customary law and indigenous dispute resolution has played in promoting coordination and cooperation among group members, thereby reducing violent conflict. This paper explores legislative actions taken by the Nigerian government that impede the continued evolution of these relatively elastic customary legal norms.

A Place We Want to Call Our Own. A study on land tenure policy and securing housing rights in Namibia?

Reports & Research
mei, 2005
Namibia
Africa

Chapters cover introduction and background; land tenure; housing; inheritance and marital property legislation; poverty reduction strategy; land management systems; implementation of land and housing rights; good practices; conclusions; recommendations. Argues that the challenge is to take the steps necessary to speed up full implementation of the Flexible Land Tenure System so as to revitalise the hopes and aspirations of the thousands of poor families living in informal settlements.

Creativity or Innovation? Responding to HIV/AIDS on Land and Property Rights

Reports & Research
april, 2005
Africa

Introduction – conceptual, policy and legislative frameworks. Overview of the impact of HIV/AIDS – on poverty, livelihoods, land and agriculture. Study findings and their implications – land tenure, land rights, gender and inheritance, land use, land administration, land markets and redistribution, agricultural production. Emerging issues and policy options on land tenure, land rights, land use, land administration, land markets and redistribution, agricultural production. Includes findings from household surveys, key informant interviews and focus group discussions.

Gender and Property Rights within Postconflict Situations

Reports & Research
april, 2005
Africa

Includes land rights in gender equity; issues in gaining access to land property – acquiring land rights from the state and through inheritance and the market, legal pluralism, population displacement; three postconflict studies (Rwanda, Guatemala, Afghanistan); conclusions and recommendations – legislation and policy, programme implementation, overcoming patriarchal norms, the cost of speaking out, gender sensitivity training and legal assistance, information on gender impact.

Loi n° 2005-157 relative au développement des territoires ruraux.

Legislation
februari, 2005
France

Cette loi modifie divers articles du code général des impôts et du code rural en matière de développement des territoires ruraux. L'Etat est garant de la solidarité nationale en faveur des territoires ruraux et de montagne et reconnaît leur spécificité. Il est institué une conférence de la ruralité dont l'objet est de suivre les progrès des politiques de développement rural, de dresser le cas échéant le bilan des difficultés rencontrées et de formuler des propositions pour l'avenir.

SOME REASONS THAT INFLUENCE AGRARIAN LAND MARKET

Reports & Research
december, 2004

Situation and structure of land relations is in each state result of long-term development of society. Structure of agricultural land ownership in Slovakia is likewise as also in other EU states different from structure of agricultural land use. In administration of the Slovak Land Fund it is still at present (2005) app. 25% of agricultural land. The agricultural land market is marked with previous period and it is up to now poor developed. The reasons are economic as well as legal one.

How fair is workfare?

december, 2004
Ethiopia
Eastern Africa

...Workfare programmes have been used across Asia, Africa, and Latin America to provide the poor with income transfers, help them cope with income shocks, and create assets by constructing much-needed infrastructure—which, once built, can continue to generate employment. Recently, policymakers have begun paying attention to gender issues in workfare programmes... The authors of this brief used the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey (ERHS) to explore gender dimensions of public works programmes...

Livelihoods, growth, and links to market towns in 15 Ethiopian villages

Reports & Research
december, 2004
Ethiopia
Eastern Africa

"This paper uses longitudinal data from 15 villages in rural Ethiopia to explore the nature and consequences of these links. It addresses the following questions: (1) What are the links between rural households and local urban centers? (2) Does better access to local market towns affect household economic behavior? and (3) Does better access to local market towns make households better off? ...In our results, market towns and cities are an important source of demand for products produced in rural areas, and rural residents are a source of demand for goods sold in urban areas.