Founded in the 12th century, the Principality of Muscovy was able to emerge from over 200 years of Mongol domination (13th-15th centuries) and to gradually conquer and absorb surrounding principalities. In the early 17th century, a new ROMANOV Dynasty continued this policy of expansion across Siberia to the Pacific. Under PETER I (ruled 1682-1725), hegemony was extended to the Baltic Sea and the country was renamed the Russian Empire. During the 19th century, more territorial acquisitions were made in Europe and Asia. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05 contributed to the Revolution of 1905, which resulted in the formation of a parliament and other reforms. Repeated devastating defeats of the Russian army in World War I led to widespread rioting in the major cities of the Russian Empire and to the overthrow in 1917 of the imperial household. The communists under Vladimir LENIN seized power soon after and formed the USSR. The brutal rule of Iosif STALIN (1928-53) strengthened communist rule and Russian dominance of the Soviet Union at a cost of tens of millions of lives. After defeating Germany in World War II as part of an alliance with the US (1939-1945), the USSR expanded its territory and influence in Eastern Europe and emerged as a global power. The USSR was the principal adversary of the US during the Cold War (1947-1991). The Soviet economy and society stagnated in the decades following Stalin’s rule, until General Secretary Mikhail GORBACHEV (1985-91) introduced glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to modernize communism, but his initiatives inadvertently released forces that by December 1991 splintered the USSR into Russia and 14 other independent republics.
Following economic and political turmoil during President Boris YELTSIN's term (1991-99), Russia shifted toward a centralized authoritarian state under the leadership of President Vladimir PUTIN (2000-2008, 2012-present) in which the regime seeks to legitimize its rule through managed elections, populist appeals, a foreign policy focused on enhancing the country's geopolitical influence, and commodity-based economic growth. Russia faces a largely subdued rebel movement in Chechnya and some other surrounding regions, although violence still occurs throughout the North Caucasus.
Russia is a semi-presidential federation.
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Displaying 296 - 300 of 1046Regional Law No. 26-RZ “On Civic Chamber”.
This Regional Law establishes that Civic Chamber shall be permanent body with a view of promoting civil society institutions, ensuring public control and cooperation of citizens with state bodies and local government. Its scope shall be protection of rights and duties of citizens, social associations and other non-government bodies (NGOs).
Regional Law No. 27-RZ “On Civic Chamber”.
This Regional Law establishes that Civic Chamber shall be permanent body with a view of promoting civil society institutions, ensuring public control and cooperation of citizens with state bodies and local government. Its scope shall be protection of rights and duties of citizens, social associations and other non-government bodies (NGOs).
Ministerial Decree No. 451 validating the Regulation on the Federal Registration Service.
This Ministerial Decree establishes that the Federal Registration Service shall be the federal executive body responsible for state registration of immovable property and related transactions. The Federal Registration Service shall register such property in accordance with the related provisions of Russian legislation. It shall keep a unified state register of rights to immovable property and grant access to the information therein.
Repealed by: Ministerial Decree No. 457 validating the Regulation on Federal Service of State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography. (2009-06-01)
Regional Law No. 514-27-OZ “On price of public or municipal land in case of sale thereof to the owners of edifices and construction located thereon”.
This Regional Law establishes that beginning from 1 January 2010 in case of purchase of parcels of public or municipal land by the owners of edifices and construction located thereon the p[rice shall be equal to cadastre value of the aforesaid plots of land.
Federal Law No. 218-FZ “On state registration of immovable property”.
This Federal Law regulates relations originating in the sphere of cadastre registration of immovable property and release of data from the Unified state register of immovable property. Each object of immovable property inserted in the Unified state register of immovable property shall be attributed unique and invariable registration number on the territory of the Russian Federation. Objects of immovable property shall be based upon geodetic and mapping schemes. Cadastre of immovable property shall contain basic and additional data.