Horizontal inequalities (HIs) within a
country, or inequalities among groups, have been shown to be
an important source of violent conflict. Relevant group
categorizations include religion, ethnicity, and region. HIs
can also be measured in different ways. Ethnicity, language,
religion, race, and region are examples of potentially
relevant and salient group categorizations. In this paper
the authors will review the prevailing HIs and their

Land markets play a limited role in
subsistence economies with low skill-intensity of
agricultural cultivation, equally distributed land
endowments and little movement out of agriculture to join
the non-farm economy. But, as the economy starts to
diversify, the scope for efficiency-enhancing land transfers
beyond immediate kin and for longer than just one season
assumes significantly greater importance. Lease markets can

The Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DLDLR) provided a progress report on its interventions to address the challenges arising from the actions of the Rama Communal Property Association (CPA). The CPA had initiated some income generating activities on its land, which included a quarry business, and had started a museum and an entertainment centre that featured a cinema. In partnership with the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and private investors the CPA was in the process of developing houses on its land.

The Committee on Rural Development and Land Reform was briefed by the Commission on Restitution of Land Rights (CRLR) on its 2014/15 annual report. The Commission had exceeded its targets by settling 428 new claims against a target of 379; finalising 372 claims against a target of 239; approving 119 projects against a target of 53; researching 1 525 claims against a target of 1 445; establishing 14 operational claims lodgement offices; and acquiring four mobile lodgement offices.

INDEX 2.0 RECENT EVENTS 4.0 PASTORALISTS DO PLAN! EXPERIENCES OF MURSI LAND USE PLANNING, SOUTH OMO ETHIOPIA 5.0 PROGRESS OF THE COMMUNITY LAND BILL, KENYA 6.0 DEVELOPING SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS FOR MORE SECURE ACCESS TO LAND IN THE CHACO REGION OF SOUTH AMERICA 7.0 ONGOING CONFLICTS IN LOLIONDO, TANZANIA 8.0 EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH THE PASTORAL WOMEN’S ALLIANCE, INDIA 9.0 PUBLICATIONS - RANGELANDS 10.0 NEW INITIATIVES MAKING RANGELANDS MORE SECURE 11.0 MORE RECENT EVENTS

The Analytical Framework is a tool designed to help investors ensure that their land-based investments are inclusive, sustainable, transparent, and respect human rights. It can help investors and companies assess whether a project is adhering to best practices, and if not, to find out how to address deficiencies.

This Guide is complementary to the Interlaken Group's 'Respecting Land and Forest Rights: a Guide for Companies'. It provides guidance on what companies can do to reduce risk through improve tenure governance in land-based investment, reflecting the principles of responsible governance of land tenure set out in the VGGT. It provides a more manageable presentation of the VGGT, along with steps to ensure that a company acts consistently with them and includes thorough due diligence on the tenure rights of project-affected communities.

This report, alongside other relevant documents, served as sources of reference for the formulation of this Comprehensive National Land Policy for Sierra Leone, with various versions. The first version was prepared by the Technical Advisor for discussion and approval by the TWG and SCM. With support from UNDP, version I of this policy was evaluated by an International Consultant, Professor Sam Moyo, for international standards and best practices. Outcome of the evaluation was excellent, though with few comments, which led to the review of version

This guide provides information for communities who are, or who may be, harmed by projects sponsored by financial institutions, development banks and private groups. It is intended to assist community leaders, lawyers, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in determining what rights communities have and how they may access accountability mechanisms when those rights have been or may be violated.

These tools may be used where a project has harmed communities or resources on which they depend or when there is fear of harm in the future.

The process to develop a new Land Code in Chad is a positive step forward but the draft reflects a highly centralised system of land ownership, management and administration which risks excluding most people from the means to document and protect their land rights while also fostering widespread tenure insecurity. It considers customary rights as ‘temporary’ and gives full legal protection to a land title, which converts customary rights into land ownership, which is likely to be inaccessible for the vast majority of the population.

Innovative approaches to addressing poverty and inequality are being carried out successfully in cities around the world. Many are led by energetic grassroots women’s groups, community organizations and local government bodies. The challenge is to build on these individual success stories to identify more comprehensive solutions. The project was designed to support the systematization and dissemination of these practices and policies, and to build capacity and raise awareness.