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The United Kingdom has historically played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith in the 19th century, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two world wars and the Irish Republic's withdrawal from the union. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council and a founding member of NATO and the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999. The latter was suspended until May 2007 due to wrangling over the peace process, but devolution was fully completed in March 2010.


The UK was an active member of the EU from 1973 to 2016, although it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union. However, frustrated by a remote bureaucracy in Brussels and massive migration into the country, UK citizens on 23 June 2016 narrowly voted to leave the EU. The so-called “Brexit” will take years to carry out but could be the signal for referenda in other EU countries where skepticism of EU membership benefits is strong.

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Deregistration and Exchange of Common Land and Greens (Procedure) (Wales) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 738 (W.98) of 2012).

Regulations
United Kingdom
Europe
Northern Europe

These Regulations make provision with respect to the procedure for applications for the deregistration, or the deregistration and exchange, of land registered in a register of common land or a register of town or villagegreens. Applications under section 16 of the Commons Act 2006 for deregistration must be made to the Welsh Ministers. The Regulations also provide for the management and determination of applications, including provision for representations, holding site inspections and hearings or inquiries in appropriate cases.

Commons (Deregistration and Exchange Orders) (Interim Arrangements) (Wales) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 740 (W.100) of 2012).

Regulations
United Kingdom
Europe
Northern Europe

These Regulations specify the manner in which a registration authority must amend the registers which it maintains pursuant to the Commons Registration Act 1965, when it receives an order under section 17 of the Commons Act 2006. Where an application for is deregistration of land as common land or as a town or village green, and registration of other land in replacement is granted, section 17(1) and (2) of the 2006 Act requires the Welsh Ministers to make an order directing the commons registration authority to amend its register of common land or town or village greens accordingly.

Localism Act 2011 (Infrastructure Planning) (Consequential Amendments) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 635 of 2012).

Regulations
United Kingdom
Europe
Northern Europe

These Regulations make amendments consequential to the provisions of Chapter 6 of Part 6 of, and Schedule 13 to, the Localism Act 2011. The Act abolishes the Infrastructure Planning Commission and transfers its property, rights and liabilities to the Secretary of State. It also makes amendments to other aspects of the regime under the Planning Act 2008 for granting consent for infrastructure planning.

Works on Common Land, etc. (Procedure) (Wales) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 737 (W.97) of 2012).

Regulations
United Kingdom
Europe
Northern Europe

These Regulations prescribe the procedure for applications to the Welsh Ministers under section 38 of the Commons Act 2006 for consent to carry out restricted works (as defined in section 38(2), (3) and (4) of the Act) on common land and certain related types of applications. The Regulations also provide for the management and determination of applications, including provision for representations, holding site inspections and hearings or inquiries in appropriate cases.

Implements: Commons Act 2006 (Chapter 26). (2006-07-19)

Commons Act 2006 (Commencement No.2, Transitional Provisions and Savings) (Wales) Order 2012 (S.I. No. 739 (W.99) (C.19) of 2012).

Regulations
United Kingdom
Europe
Northern Europe

This Order brings into force and makes transitional provisions in relation with provisions of the which relate to deregistration and exchange of, and works on, common land, together with related appeals and all remaining purposes provisions which relate to deregistration and exchange of, and works on, common land.

Implements: Commons Act 2006 (Chapter 26). (2006-07-19)