Uzbekistan

The Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country. It is completely surrounded by other landlocked countries, namely Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. 80% of land consists of plains, deserts and lowland areas, primarily found in the west. Mountains and foothills comprise the rest of the country in the south and south-east. The total land area is 447,400km2. Since 2019, there are over 33.5 million people, representing around 45% of the total population in Central Asia. The majority of these people are Uzbek (over 80%), and there are also significant numbers of Russians, Tajiks, Kazaks, Karakalpaks (an autonomous republic within the country) and Tatars. Uzbekistan is formally a secular state.