Presents papers discussing the potential for impacts within ILCA's organisational framework and mandate. The introductory paper raises general issues and poses questions that are pursued in the other papers. These papers address the environmental, economic and social components of impact within the organisation. Case studies on ILCA's research on tenure policy and alley farming, forage legumes, animal traction, milk processing, hay making and studies on pricing policies, technology generation and ILCA's research networks are presented in the papers.

Presents papers dealing with the use of crop residues as livestock feed in smallholder crop/livestock farming systems, and the role of plant breeding in maintaining or improving their nutritive value. Discusses factors limiting the nutritive value of crop residues, and the effect of genotype and environment on the nutritive value of crop residues. Outlines perspectives and implications for crop improvement programmes. Includes recommendations.

The systems of livestock production, marketing and research have been profoundly transformed by recent policies in Central Asia since the break up of the Soviet Union. Decollectivisation of state farms has transferred livestock ownership to new private farming units. These receive little or no state support for inputs, or for processing and selling livestock products. Most livestock-keeping families have much-reduced incomes compared to the Soviet period.

Animal agriculture can add to agricultural development through income generation, intensification, foreign exchange earnings and non-agricultural development. The primary justification for being concerned with animal agricultural in sub-Saharan Africa at present is the need to increase farmer incomes. Technological change is the primary means of raising farmer incomes. However, while new technology is a necessary ingredient in the process of agircultural development, it is not sufficient without conductive policy.

This meta-synthesis of national climate change adaptation plans, policies and processes spans twelve countries at various stages of adaptation planning and implementation, in three priority CCAFS regions: West Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Se?negal), East Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda) and South Asia (Bangladesh, India, Nepal).