This book contains a number of commissioned background papers presented at the workshop on ‘Research on Non-timber Forest Products’ (Hot Springs, Zimbabwe, 28 August - 2 September 1995). Bringing together experiences from different regions and professional backgrounds, the book attempts to analyse the complexity of multiple use of forests from a multidimensional perspective that incorporates environmental, social, economic, technological, political, historical and cultural factors. Current topics of discussion are reviewed.

Projects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. It is not yet clear what, if any, forestry activities will be eligible for CDM. Nor is it known what rules will guide the implementation of CDM projects. These decisions have important implications for poor people who live in and around forests in developing countries.

THE COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION FUND BILL, 2016 A BILL to provide for the establishment of funds under the public accounts of India and the public accounts of each State and crediting thereto the monies received from the user agencies towards compensatory afforestation, additional compensatory afforestation, penal compensatory afforestation, net present value and all other amounts recovered from such agencies under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980; constitution of an authority at national level and at each of the State and Union territory Administration for administrati

Based on the best available remote sensing data from before 1990, the total area of formally eligible lands in Indonesia for the aff orestation and reforestation (A/R) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) activities under the Kyoto protocol is about 46 M ha.

Developing community-based forest enterprises (CBFEs) is an ideal development intervention in poor forest communities as they have the potential to generate income and employment for the poor while supporting sustainable management of forest resources. This potential is limited by various constraints, many of which are unique to forestbased enterprises.

With around half of its land area still forested, Meghalaya – one of the eight states of Northeastern India - has high potential for the development of forest-based enterprises. There are, however, various constraints to the development of forest-based enterprises as demonstrated by the noticeable underdevelopment of industries in the state and the dearth of information regarding the status of existing forest-based industries - an important element to guiding targeted interventions.

In the fields of environmental governance and biodiversity conservation, there is a growing awareness that gender has an influence on resource use and management. Several studies argue that empowering women in resource governance can lead to beneficial outcomes for resource sustainability and biodiversity conservation. Yet how robust is the evidence to support this claim?

El objetivo de este documento es evaluar la situación normativa del aprovechamiento de madera en las concesiones castañeras de Madre de Dios desde el año 2004, cuando se publicó la norma con carácter de complementariedad que permitió esta actividad y hasta la zafra concluída para el año 2010. Para este fin se analizaron las cifras oficiales de volúmenes extraídos de madera tanto en concesiones castañeras y en concesiones madereras dentro de las Administraciones Técnicas de Tahuamanu y Tambopata-Manu.

India is vast, diverse and complex, in its environments and in environment-society relations. These relationships, and government policies which influence or control them, are the subject of very significant reforms currently occurring in India. At the most fundamental level, this report asks "Who is to protect, manage and regenerate India’s forests, where and for what, and what resources or support does each agent need to fulfil the mandate efficiently and equitably?" The conventional forestry systems have been under scrutiny.

Natural forests in the humid tropics differ from temperate and plantation forests in several ways: there may be many tree species; many of these may occur infrequently; there may be a large range of tree sizes and shapes present; tree ages may be unknown and indeterminate; and despite the luxuriant appearance some rainforests, growth rates may be relatively low. This has many implications for timber harvesting and yield estimation and means that most of the estimation techniques devised for even-aged single-species forests cannot be used.