Development of a cartographic mdel for the forest site types delineation in the Belgian Ardenne. The paper presents an original method dealing with the forest site types delineation. The suggested method consists in integrating a typological key in a GIS aiming at producing a thematic map that describes forest site types. Data used are the soil map of Belgium (digitized at the scale 1:20,000) and a digital elevation model built from a topographic map (scale 1:10,000). The typological key is mainly based on the methodology used by Thill et al.

Biogeocenosis study of the status and biological diversity of forest plantations (FP) of the eastern regions of Volga are held from 2010. The different FP types were allocated and described. Ravine and beam-type forest land are not used in agriculture. The age of FP on them ranges from 30-65 years. Scots pine and common birch mainly grow as I quality class (QC), English oak - like II QC. Ravine and beam-type forest plantations bond banks and protect the land from the water erosion. Oak stands are mainly of III-II, and linden ones - II, rarely I QC.

Malaysia is the world`s largest exporter of tropical timber (all products), at FOB value of RM21.5 billion in 2005, followed by Indonesia and Brazil. In 2004, Malaysia overtook Indonesia as the leading exporter of plywood with just over 4.35 million cubic metres (m3), but in 2005 China outstripped all producer countries including Malaysia (5.13 million m3) as the largest exporter of tropical plywood. Although the timber industry linkages integrating about 750 small and medium enterprise (SMEs) with another 1,500 smaller production units.

Changes in soil morphological, physical and chemical properties as a result of establishing forest on agricultural lands were studied using as an example the lands naturally overgrowing in different periods of time by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench) and aspen (Populus tremula L.). The research results showed that the soil with a texture of sandy loam and loam retains the morphological properties of agricultural land for up to 100 years.

The Promotional Paper Forest Land Transformation in Latvia by Gunta Bāra has been developed at the Forest Faculty of the Latvian University of Agriculture between 2001 and 2007. Goal of the Promotional Paper: to identify the main problems in transformation of forest land in the Republic of Latvia and gaps in legislative instruments regulating the process of change of land use type, to prepare recommendations for their elimination, to develop a methodology for calculation of compensation for the losses caused to the state as a result of destruction of natural forest environment.

Development of a cartographic mdel for the forest site types delineation in the Belgian Ardenne. The paper presents an original method dealing with the forest site types delineation. The suggested method consists in integrating a typological key in a GIS aiming at producing a thematic map that describes forest site types. Data used are the soil map of Belgium (digitized at the scale 1:20,000) and a digital elevation model built from a topographic map (scale 1:10,000). The typological key is mainly based on the methodology used by Thill et al.

We have studied the relationship between landscape structure and black grouse density in Russian Karelia and compared it with East Finland. The spatial density distribution of the black grouse population is relatively even, especially in areas with a high proportion of forest land. Correlations between forest structure and black grouse abundance were generally low. We found three significant correlations for Russian Karelia: positive for clear cuts and young forests and negative for the proportion of old forests.

A large-scale project – “The Stalin plan to transform nature" of 1948 changed the landscape of the Orenburg region. Inthe second half of the twentieth century in the region laid the foundations for the modern scheme of agroforestry frame. Thebasis of agroforestry frame of the Orenburg region became the State protective forest strip in the direction of the Vishnevayamountain – Chkalov – Uralsk – Caspian sea along the banks of the Ural river, a distance of about 1080 km. Treeless areas(less than 1%) mainly concentrated in the east region with average extent of forest cover of 0.5%.

Under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Annex I countries that are Parties to the Climate Change Convention provide annual greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory submissions including GHG data for the land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sector. For many countries, carbon sequestration – especially in Forest Land-offsets a significant proportion of national emissions both an-nually and overtime.

Problems of unsustainable watershed use in the Mediterranean areas (overgrazing, forest degradation and clearing, soil erosion, fires, etc.) often result from the reduced profitability of traditional land use systems, lack of clearly defined property rights, insufficient enforcement of existing rules, and lack of adequate economic instruments.

The aim of this paper is to discuss the potential impact of climate change on element budgets and acidity in northern forest ecosystems. A catchment approach should provide the most appropriate unit and to be investigated in several spatial scales. Future monitoring has also to address tree composition, forestry activities, follow the soil organic matter storage and include changes in hydrology with episodic extremes.

Recently, researchers indicated great changes in the chemistry of atmosphere due to faster oxidation of soil organic carbon. The increases of greenhouse gasses especially CO2 concentration can affect climate, plant physiology, microbial activity, soil organic matter, and decomposition. Soil can be a store or source for atmospheric CO2. The amount of soil organic carbon stored in the soil or release to the atmosphere depends on net ecosystem productivity and heterotrophic respiration.