This training guide provides users with principles, concepts and practices on climate-smart agriculture (CSA) and community-based adaptation (CBA). It is composed of seven modules spread under a three-part document. This training guide was designed to enhance the capacity of users to facilitate processes leading to community-based adaptation to climate change, and to:
• Understand the principles, concepts and practices related to climate change, CSA and CBA
• Learn the application of participatory approaches and social learning processes in CBA

A majority of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries depend to a large extent on agriculture for food security and income. Efforts aimed at improving farm-related profitability are therefore important to improving livelihoods among smallholder farmers. In Ghana, for example, smallholder farmers that depend on agriculture face serious risks especially those related to climate change and variability and soil degradation. Notwithstanding these dangers, evidence of the published literature on how best to tackle these challenges is limited.

Cocoa and oil palm are the major commodity crops produced in Ghana and livelihood options for hundreds of thousands of rural households. However, their production has negative environmental and socioeconomic impacts. Certification standards have been promoted as a market-led mechanism to ensure their sustainable production. Even though food security does not feature in the theory of change of most certification standards, there are interesting intersections. This paper assesses the food security outcomes of certification adoption among cocoa and oil palm smallholders in Ghana.

This study was conducted in Lake Hawassa catchment, Ethiopia where policy programs are aiming to restore degraded lands with participation of local stakeholders. We assessed the system in relation to natural resource management and degradation using the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) conceptual framework and conducted a stakeholder analysis to understand stakeholder interest, influence and interactions amongst the different categories of stakeholders. Data were collected using key informant interviews, field observation and a literature review.

The main goal of the proposed project is to increase food and economic household security among Female Living with HIV (PLHIV), Women-led households, Gender-based Violence Survivors, and Young Women. The project proposal will empower 100 beneficiaries (10 cooperative groups of 10 members per group) in central province to engage in profitable and sustainable soya beans and groundnuts farming using good agronomic farming practices, enhanced utilization of climate information services and adoption of climate resilient seed varieties.

Agarwood resin, produced by certain evergreen tree species native to Southeast Asia, is used for making incenses, medicines and fragrances. A precious commodity for centuries, it has a current market value of USD 32 billion, projected to reach USD 64 billion by 2029 (Ash and Nguyen 2020). However, high trading frequency has led to agarwood species being threatened with extinction in the wild. In response, the Government of Indonesia is promoting agarwood plantations to decrease overexploitation on wild agarwood trees.

This research report presents the first comprehensive framework of business models in terms of developing, marketing and scaling Index-based flood insurance (IBFI). The report evaluated ten case studies on agricultural insurance schemes (macro, meso and micro levels), globally, to develop public-private partnership business models for creating value (product development) and capturing value (product marketing).

Various efforts have been made to harmonize datasets and facilitate storage and data sharing. However, some of them have already failed while some others are still struggling to succeed due to different reasons including lack of champion institution and limited buy-in and capacity of the government to support initiatives, limited cooperation between sectors and among Directorates within sectors, low technological readiness, governance barriers, and data incompatibility (Gelagay, 2017; Gelagay, 2019).

We conducted a baseline survey to appraise the current potato practices and farming systems in the Adamawa
and West regions of Cameroon where a GIZ-funded project (ONE WORLD – No Hunger, or SEWOH) titled "Green
Innovation Centers for the Agricultural and Food Sector" (ProCISA) is being implemented. We employed a mix
of qualitative and quantitative methods to gather and analyze data/information. This study focused on potato
farmers that have been into potato production for at least two years.

The AsiaBlight Network operates and works replying on CCCAP’s arrangement. which is an open and inclusive non-profit cooperation and exchange platform composed of scientists, entrepreneurs, growers, agricultural technology extension workers and administrative decision-makers committed to solving the problem of late blight in the Asia Pacific region. Its purpose is to serve potato farmers - 1 -in the Asia Pacific region and improve the ability to solve potato late blight in the region. At present, the AsiaBlight Network has more than 300 members in China.

Even though flooding is a threat to rural communities in plains drained by ephem-eral rivers, the magnitude of its impact, coping/prevention mechanisms, and the implications for river management are not well known. In this study, data were collected using a phenomenological- based research design. Field observations, a questionnaire (n = 440), key informant interviews (10), and one focus group dis-cussion (with seven discussants) were used to collect the desired data from flood- prone farmers.

The potential of organic agriculture and agroecological approaches for improving food security in Africa is a controversial topic in global discussions. While there is a number of meta-analyses on the environmental, agronomic and financial performance of organic farming, most of the underlying data stems from on-station field trials from temperate regions. Data from sub-Sahara Africa in particular, as well as detailed real-farm data is scarce. How organic farming is implemented in sub-Saharan Africa and how it performs in a smallholder context remains poorly understood.