The climate-smart agriculture (CSA) concept reflects
an ambition to improve the integration of agriculture
development and climate responsiveness. It aims to
achieve food security and broader development goals
under a changing climate and increasing food demand.
CSA initiatives sustainably increase productivity, enhance
resilience, and reduce/remove GHGs, and require planning
to address tradeoffs and synergies between these three
pillars: productivity, adaptation, and mitigation [1]. The

This paper examines the effects of land tenure insecurity originating from land reforms on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazonia. A non cooperative game model is developed where natural forests are considered as an open access resource and the strategic interactions between landowners and squatters lead to an over deforestation. The main theoretical restriction is a positive impact of squatters on deforestation. It is successfully tested on a panel data set covering the municipalities of the Legal Amazonia controlling for the endogeneity of squatters in a deforestation equation.

This Act, consisting of 231 sections divided into eight Chapters and completed by two Schedules, aims to establish an efficient, effective, transparent, integrated, coordinated, and accountable system of land use planning (planning), development assessment and related matters that facilitates the achievement of ecological sustainability.

Le présent décret fixe l’organisation du Ministère de l’Urbanisme et de l’Habitat qui s’articule autour des structures suivantes : le Cabinet du Ministre; et le Secrétariat Général.

Urban sanitation remains a significant challenge for most low- and middle-income countries. While sanitation coverage has been increasing across both the 48 least developed countries (LDCs) and developing regions as a whole, progress has been relatively slow. In many cities, even where improved on-site facilities are used to contain excreta, the level of quality and access to services for the emptying, conveyance, treatment, and disposal of the resulting fecal sludge is usually limited. These services are collectively called fecal sludge management (FSM) services.

This Act provides rules for the prospecting for and mining of minerals specified in the First Schedule to this Act. Save to the extent provided for in this Act, it shall not apply to matters relating to petroleum and hydrocarbon gases. The Cabinet Secretary responsible for mining, the Principal Secretary of the responsible ministry and any person shall be guided by the values and principles enshrined in the Constitution and in particular Articles 10, 66 (2), 201 (c) and (d), and 232 of the Constitution and the principles of leadership and integrity.

This Decree-Law, consisting of 18 articles divided into five Chapters, establishes the general norms regulating the Territorial Land Use Planning (POT) of the Ataúro Island, including its territorial management instruments, as well as actions, programmes, projects and any licensing or authorizations, whether public or private.

This Regulation sets forth principles and procedures of works and operations regarding private and public forests. This Regulation includes provisions on management and conservation of private and public forests, forest cadastre, forest planning, inspection, environmental impact assessment, as well as permit processes for works and operations regarding private and public forests.

Implements: Forest Law No. 6831. (1956-08-31)
Implements: Law No. 3234 on the General Directorate of Forests (OGM). (1985-10-31)

La falta de acceso a recursos financieros es una de las razones por las que no se llevan a cabo actividades e inversiones forestales, a pesar de ser atractivas económica, social y ambientalmente. Es necesario, por tanto, una mejor comunicación e intercambio de información a fin de desarrollar estrategias e instrumentos financieros que sean sostenibles y adecuados a las necesidades del Manejo Forestal Comunitario (MFC). El presente documento realizará una revisión de los antecedentes sobre el financiamiento y los aspectos institucionales para el MFC en el ámbito de la Amazonía peruana.

The publication is a small easy to read information booklet laid out in short blocks of text and colourful photographs. It provides clear information in reply to three questions: What is legal preparedness for REDD+? Why are adequate legal frameworks important for the success of REDD+? and Where to start? It concludes with a paragraph under 'UN-REDD support on legal preparedness'.

Esta guía ha sido diseñada con el objetivo de desarrollar en los pueblos indígenas capacidades para la gestión de sus bosques de forma eficiente y competitiva, pero respetando sus propios intereses como pobladores, administradores y usuarios de los bosques y sus recursos, así como su identidad cultural marcada por tradiciones ancestrales que impregnan su convivencia y su relación con los recursos naturales.