A Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions, most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan was formally annexed to the Russian Empire in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916 in which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1936 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved. Nationwide demonstrations in the spring of 2005 resulted in the ouster of President Askar AKAEV, who had run the country since 1990. Former Prime Minister Kurmanbek BAKIEV overwhelmingly won the presidential election in the summer of 2005. Over the next few years, he manipulated the parliament to accrue new powers for the presidency. In July 2009, after months of harassment against his opponents and media critics, BAKIEV won reelection in a presidential campaign that the international community deemed flawed. In April 2010, violent protests in Bishkek led to the collapse of the BAKIEV regime and his eventual flight to Minsk, Belarus. His successor, Roza OTUNBAEVA, served as transitional president until Almazbek ATAMBAEV was inaugurated in December 2011, marking the first peaceful transfer of presidential power in independent Kyrgyzstan's history. Continuing concerns include: the trajectory of democratization, endemic corruption, poor interethnic relations, border security vulnerabilities, and potential terrorist threats.
Under the 2010 Constitution, ATAMBAEV is limited to one term, which will end in 2017. Constitutional amendments passed in a referendum in December 2016 include language that transfers some presidential powers to the prime minister. Disagreement over the constitutional amendments compelled ATAMBAEV’s ruling Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan to dissolve and create a new majority coalition in the Jogorku Kengesh that excluded opposition parties critical of the amendments.
Kyrgyzstan is a parliamentary republic.
Source: CIA World Factbook
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Displaying 16 - 20 of 85Ministerial Decree No. 57 validating Model Regulation on terms and conditions of concession of right of ownership or lease of urban land.
This Ministerial Decree establishes the modalities, terms and conditions of concession of right of ownership or lease of urban land for payment related to public and municipal land. Concession of urban land in ownership can be carried out through direct sale of land. The provisions of this Decree shall not be applicable to concession of the plots of land free of charge.
Governmental Decree No. 555 validating the Regulation on veterinary zoning of the national territory in relation to infectious animal diseases.
This Governmental Decree establishes the modalities of veterinary zoning of the national territory with a view of identification of infectious animal diseases. Competent state body in the sphere of veterinary shall establish veterinary and sanitary well-being status of the national territory and shall compile epizootic map of veterinary zoning of the national territory. Territorial area having well-being status shall have protection zone separating it from territory with a different veterinary and sanitary status.
Governmental Decree No. 541validating the Regulation on constitution, modification of category, validation of boundaries and cancellation of protected areas.
This Governmental Decree regulates the issues of constitution, modification of category, validation of boundaries and cancellation of protected areas. Protected areas shall be classified as follows: (a) state nature reserves; (b) state natural parks; (c) state nature monuments; (d) state nature reserves; (e) state botanical gardens, dendrological and zoological parks; (f) biosphere reserves; and (g) transboundary protected areas. Protected areas shall be constituted with the consideration of ecological, scientific and economic substantiation, and also historical and cultural value.
Governmental Decree No. 386 validating the Regulation on fees for use of pastures.
This Governmental Decree establishes the procedure for application of payment of fees for use of pastures (except for grazing in public forest and in protected areas) pertaining to state ownership. The scope shall be to form standard approach in fixing payment of fees for use of pastures depending upon the number of livestock and animal species authorized for grazing. The mount of fees shall be fixed annually with the consideration of optimal pressure upon a unit of pasture. Annual grazing plans shall be validated by local government.
Ministerial Decree No. 311 validating the Regulation on drawing up and issuance of land certificates.
This Ministerial Decree establishes the modalities of drawing up and issuance of certificate attesting rights to the plots of land for natural and legal persons. In case of concession of a plot of land in ownership or use entitling documents shall be: (a) official act on the right of ownership of a plot of land; (b) official act on open-ended land tenure of a plot of land; (c) provisional land tenure certificate or lease contract; and (d) land ownership certificate.