This chapter illustrates the field summary of the development of agriculture tools or machines used in upstream supply chain of rice and maize in Thailand in chronological order. It also summarizes Thai government policies which affect to the Thai agricultural industries. It also presents the efficiency and value added once one tools have been replaced by another tools. The paper also presents additional information of available high technology tools in agriculture industries such as drone, remote sensing and weather forecast.

Mainland Southeast Asia (MSA) has seen sweeping upland land use changes in the past decades, with transition from primarily subsistence shifting cultivation to annual commodity cropping. This transition holds implications for local upland communities and ecosystems. Due to its particular political regime, Myanmar is at the tail of this development.

Mainland Southeast Asia (MSA) has seen sweeping upland land use changes in the past decades, with transition from primarily subsistence shifting cultivation to annual commodity cropping. This transition holds implications for local upland communities and ecosystems. Due to its particular political regime, Myanmar is at the tail of this development.

Shortly after the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) was founded in 1945, the organization had started to support member countries addressing structural problems in agriculture with land fragmentation and small holding and farm sizes through the development of land consolidation instruments (Binns, 1950). During the 1950s and 1960s, FAO provided technical assistance to the development of land consolidation in member countries in Europe such as Turkey, Greece, Spain and Cyprus, but also in the Near East and Asia (Meliczek, 1973).

The Annual Country Reviews reflect upon current land issues in the Mekong Region, and has been produced for researchers, practitioners and policy advocates operating in the field. Specialists have been selected from Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam to briefly answer the following two questions:

1. What are the most pressing issues involving land governance in your country?

2. What are the most important issues for the researcher on land?

A 16 minute documentary film developed by ESAFF Uganda detailing how small-scale farming communities in northern Uganda are using LSLBI tools to raise the awareness;especially of women;to engage with local leaders;produce resource maps;including scoping;negotiating;monitoring and implementation. The training also used drama. The aim is to empower farmers who engage with investors.

Сельское хозяйство Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии является разнообразным по характеру и обладает огромным потенциалом для развития экономики стран региона посредством повышения урожайности и общей продуктивности продовольственных, кормовых и технических культур. В этом плане, почвозащитное и ресурсосберегающее земледелие (ПРЗ) сможет выполнить масштабную задачу по устойчивой интенсификации производственных систем в регионе.

Long before opening a country office in Santo Domingo in 1979, FAO provided technical and financial assistance to the Dominican Republic to boost development of its agriculture, fisheries and forestry sectors. Over the years, the Organization has implemented a large number of interventions covering a wide range of areas, including food security and nutrition, plant and animal health, sustainable natural resource use, forest management and institutional development.

Laos has vast surface water resources. However, in areas located far away from surface water sources or those that are prone to surface water scarcity, groundwater is gaining recognition as a valuable source of water for agricultural development. Households in Ekxang village on the Vientiane Plain, for example, depend on rainfall for the cultivation of rice during the wet season and a wide range of vegetables and herbs in the dry season. Climate change poses a growing threat to crop production in such villages, altering wet season rainfall and making drought more common and severe.

The Landassess Tool is a risk assessment and management framework. It provides a clear and simple set of checklists that generate a report to help companies assess and manage how they respect land rights.

The rapid expansion of hybrid maize in the uplands of northern Laos is viewed by the government as meeting policy aims related to green economic development. Yet, growing evidence of negative consequences of maize expansion are emerging.

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These learning modules provide training material for Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities’ advocates on how to operationalise benefit-sharing and concluding benefit-sharing agreements. There are three modules covering these broad issues in relation to natural resources, traditional knowledge and farmers' rights.