Este trabajo presenta un panorama de la defensa ambiental en el Perú, considerando en primer lugar las principales dinámicas económicas y productivas relacionadas con la gestión de los recursos naturales. En segundo lugar, se analizan los estándares internacionales aplicables, como resultado en su mayoría de las decisiones asumidas por el Estado en ejercicio de su soberanía.

Este documento examina la relación entre las comunidades y el sector minero energético en Colombia en el siglo XXI, destacando la violencia política y las violaciones de derechos humanos como problemas persistentes. Se enfoca en la victimización de líderes sociales y la impunidad que perpetúa la violencia, especialmente en áreas mineras. Propone el diálogo regional y el desarme de los grupos armados como soluciones para un desarrollo sostenible y respetuoso de los derechos humanos.

Often, approaches to investment-related land rights violations are reactive, rather than proactive and preventative: legal support is usually provided after communities have been negatively impacted, displaced or evicted — and after lives have been lost, property destroyed, local waters and soils polluted, and communities devastated. In such cases, legal support has a limited chance of reversing the damage caused.

Le Code minier du Mali dispose que les ressources souterraines appartiennent à l’État, même s’il s’agit de terres agricoles. Cette disposition consacre le droit souverain de l’État sur les ressources du sous-sol, qui en organise l’accès et l’exploitation. Les autorités doivent largement partager le contenu de cette disposition avec les communautés locales lors du processus d’attribution de titres miniers. L’État doit également faire respecter le mécanisme de surveillance et de contrôle du cahier des charges à cet effet.

Les dynamiques migratoires dans les zones agricoles, liées à la conjugaison de facteurs structurels et conjoncturels, prennent de l’ampleur et posent de nouveaux défis dans la gestion des conflits fonciers. Les mécanismes traditionnels et modernes de gestion foncière doivent régulièrement se renouveler et s’adapter, afin de résoudre efficacement et durablement les différends fonciers causés par les déplacements de populations.

Context and Background:
The specialised land court in Zambia is known as the Lands Tribunal, and it was created in 1996 through the 1995 Lands Act. The Tribunal was established with the objective of achieving speedy, low cost, flexible and efficient means of settling conflicts over land. Inspite of being existence for 27 years, little has been done on the progress and challenges of the Lands Tribunal in resolving conflicts over land in the country.
Goal and Objectives:

Sierra Leone is endowed with abundant of natural resource wealth including Diamond, Gold, and Rutile, Iron Ore, large marine resources and stretches of arable land. Despite abundant the country still faced loaming social, economic and environmental challenges that negatively impact lives of ordinary citizens. In many Africa states; competition for the control over natural resources wealth has led to cycle of armed conflict, suppression of political dissidents and the violation of human rights.

This is the Arabic version of the country profile for Iraq, describing its land governance context. An online version of this profile is available in English.

This report is a contribution of the knowledge management component of the LAND-at-scale programme (LAS) which is funded by the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and implemented by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency (Rijksdienst voor Ondernemend Nederland - RVO). LAND-at-scale is a seven-year programme (2019-2026), that aims to contribute to fair and just tenure security, access to land and natural resources for all.

Despite the existence of a legal framework defining the right to fair compensation, and notwithstanding the vast literature on transnational and domestic land deals, no theory has been developed so far to allow for a specific analysis of the economics of fair compensation in large-scale land acquisitions (LSLAs), limiting our understanding of the underlying reasons of success or failure of this important legal protection mechanism.

The race for the exploitation of natural resources has brought challenges of different natures, including land conflicts, mainly between investors and the local population. In some cases, the resolution of problems has been unfair due to the lack of legal knowledge and representation to help the vulnerable population. It is in this context that the paralegal figure was established, endowed with solid knowledge to voluntarily provide basic legal support to community members.