Doing Business sheds light on how easy or difficult it is for a local entrepreneur to open and run a small to medium-size business when complying with relevant regulations. It measures and tracks changes in regulations affecting 10 areas in the life cycle of a business: starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency.

The implementation of effective Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) programmes in countries emerging from violent conflict are essential for building and maintaining peace and security. In many instances the disarmament and demobilisation of former combatants was achieved, but reintegration remained a challenge, due to the long-term focus and the substantial resources that are required for such a process to be successful.

Women, business and the law focuses on this critical piece of the puzzle, objectively highlighting differentiations on the basis of gender in 141 economies around the world, covering six areas: accessing institutions, using property, getting a job, providing incentives to work, building credit and going to court. Women, business and the law describes regional trends and shows how economies are changing across these six areas, tracking governments' actions to expand economic opportunities for women.

This report is intended to provide guidance on best practices in mining licensing, based on examples from low, middle and high income countries in Africa, Asia, North America, and South America. It is not a 'how-to guide' or a licensing implementation toolkit, but rather identifies certain common features of successful mining licensing regimes worldwide that other national or sub-national jurisdictions might usefully incorporate in new mining laws and regulations or revisions or existing ones.

Los derechos de tenencia de la tierra y los derechos de carbono son temas fundamentales que deben ser tomados en cuenta para lograr una reducción de emisiones, asegurar una distribución transparente de beneficios y determinar las responsabilidades de la no permanencia (no cumplimiento) en el contexto de las estrategias y proyectos REDD+.

Despite formal legal recognition of women’s land rights, no government institution is mandated to protect women’s land rights or to ensure their legal implementation and enforcement. The roles of decentralized land administration institutions do not include the protection of women’s land rights. More importantly, District Land Boards only control the allocation of public land and not private or customary. Several land dispute resolution institutions co-exist without clear coordination mechanisms.

For decades, efforts to distribute agricultural land more equitably consistently excluded women. Then, a groundbreaking research project made women part of the discussion. It set the stage for a provincial campaign that for the first time in Pakistan’s history transferred land to poor women.

The study investigates the state of women’s land rights under statutes and customary practices in Cameroon and how the conception of these rights affects women’s role in the economy. It concludes that the future of women’s land rights will depend largely on a complete change of the current land management system and instruments, which are outdated and inadaptable to the present socio-economic context. Legal literacy and women’s individual empowerment are critical elements necessary to accompany any land reform that will ensure women’s land rights are a reality and not an empty slogan.

Tierra,Propiedad y Poder(*)
IPDRS(**)
 El derecho a la propiedad de la tierra es un tema antiguo en las agendas sociales que, lejos de simplificarse, se ha ido haciendo cada vez más complejo por una intricada trama de correlaciones con intereses económicos en las estructuras de propiedad, los modelos de desarrollo vigentes, las tensiones entre diferentes concepciones culturales de apropiación, manejo y valores simbólicos de la tierra y la enorme, creciente presión de hábitos de consumo y demanda por la expansión de las fronteras agrícolas.

Land Tenure Working Paper 20. This paper presents an analysis of communal tenure and its role for natural resource management system, in different contexts of selected Asian countries. The current market driven pressures on natural resources create both challenges and opportunities for communities and governments to use and strengthen communal tenure in order to promote sustainable management of some natural resources.

Les femmes participent de manière considérable à l’économie rurale dans toutes les régions en développement. Si les rôles qu’elles assument sont différents selon les régions, on observe toutefois partout qu’elles ont un accès plus restreint que les hommes aux ressources et aux débouchés qui leur permettraient d’être plus productives.

Las mujeres aportan contribuciones significativas a la economía rural en todas las regiones de los países en desarrollo. Sus roles difieren según las regiones, aunque siempre tienen un menor acceso que los hombres a los recursos y oportunidades que necesitan para ser más productivas. Si se incrementara el acceso de las mujeres a la tierra, la ganadería, la educación, los servicios financieros, la extensión, la tecnología y el empleo rural, aumentaría su productividad así como la producción agrícola, la seguridad alimentaria, el crecimiento económico y el bienestar social.