Deforestation is recognized as a major driver of the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. It also disturbs natural processes such as biogeochemical, hydrological, and ecological cycles. In Malawi, deforestation is estimated to be responsible for the loss of 33,000 hectares per year, and is mainly attributed to agriculture expansion, tobacco growing, and excessive use of biomass. However, little research has been conducted at either the local level or that of forests located on customary land.

การจัดการลุ่มนํ้าที่มีเป้าหมายเพื่อความยั่งยืนโดยมีแนวคิดการจัดการลุ่มนํ้าที่ไม่ได้แยกส่วนทรัพยากรนํ้าออกจากทรัพยากรอื่นในระบบนิเวศลุ่มนํ้า เช่น ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ ที่ดิน ป่าไม้ และวิถีชีวิตผู้คนซึ่งเป็นทั้งฐานคิดและเครื่องมือที่มีประสิทธิภาพในการใช้และดูแลลุ่มนํ้าอย่างยั่งยืน เพื่อความเข้าใจเรื่องการจัดการลุ่มนํ้าว่าคืออะไร จัดการอะไร จัดการอย่างไรจึงจะพิสูจน์ได้ว่าเป็นการจัดการลุ่มนํ้าแบบยั่งยืน การเรียนรู้จากรูปธรรมความยั่งยืน ในพื้นที่ลุ่มนํ้าอิง ที่เป็นการจัดการลุ่มนํ้าแบบบูรณาการ โดยชุมชนและความร่วมมือหลากหลายภาคส่วน (Integrated Watershed Resources Management) รูปแบบการจัดการเป็นกา

This edition of Unasylva comes in the wake of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, Rio+20,which, among other things, produced a document called The Future We Want. In it, world leaders renewed their commitment to sustainable development and stated that “the wide range of products and services that forests provide creates opportunities to address many of the most pressing sustainable development challenges”. Foresters should be pleased with these words because they indica te that forests are starting to get the recognition they deserve.

In the last 40 years, large areas of the Mau forest, the largest contiguous tropical montane forest in East Africa, have been cleared for agriculture. To date, there are no empirical data on how this land use change affects carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes from soil respiration and soil methane (CH4) fluxes. This study reports measured annual soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes from the native Mau forest and previously forested lands converted to smallholder grazing land, smallholder and commercial tea plantations and eucalyptus plan- tations.

In this study, methods, originally developed to assess life course trajectories, are explored in order to evaluate land change through the analysis of sequences of land use/cover. Annual land cover maps which describe land use/land cover change for the 1985–2017 period for a large region in Northeast Brazil were analyzed. The most frequent sequences, the entropy and the turbulence of the land trajectories, and the average time of permanence were computed. Clusters of similar sequences were determined using different dissimilarity measures.

Deforestation and forest degradation (D&D) in the tropics have continued unabated and are posing serious threats to forests and the livelihoods of those who depend on forests and forest resources. Smallholder farmers are often implicated in scientific literature and policy documents as important agents of D&D. However, there is scanty information on why smallholders exploit forests and what the key drivers are. We employed behavioral sciences approaches that capture contextual factors, attitudinal factors, and routine practices that shape decisions by smallholder farmers.

From May 8-12, the world’s leading experts on climate change will gather in Kyoto, Japan, 22 years after the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, the first legally binding treaty to cut greenhouse gases. Scheduled to coincide with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) plenary meetings on the “2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,” the upcoming Global Landscapes Forum (GLF) conference will attract 300 delegates with tens of thousands more engaged in interactive online sessions and guest video addresses around the world.

Forests provide numerous ecosystem services, such as timber yields, biodiversity protection and climate change mitigation. The type of management has an effect on the provision of these services. Often the demands for these services can lead to conflict – wood harvest can negatively impact biodiversity and climate change mitigation capacity. Although forest management differences are important, spatially explicit data is lacking, in particular on a global scale.

Forest landscape restoration (FLR) requires a long-term commitment from a range of stakeholders to plan the restoration initiative collaboratively and see it through successfully. This is only possible when the people involved – whether they are landholders, indigenous groups, government entities, non-governmental organizations or other crucial actors – come together to define common goals and monitor progress toward those goals.