The phenomenon of planning involving citizens participation in planning literature has been from the second half of the 20th century Indeed different methods and techniques have been used in the process However participatory practices are timeconsuming and negotiations are tiresome Accordingly the integration of developing digital technologies into participatory processes has been seen as a potential to reach large audiences and provide timespace independence Within the scope of this research a detailed literature review was done regarding eparticipation and ten 10 examples representing the

For decades numerous countries have been witnessing the Street Children phenomenon where millions of children worldwide are subjected to risks Despite the crucial role of intermediate nonresidential interventions using dropin centers in protecting and rehabilitating street children there is a paucity of research addressing the quality of design of these centers and how architecture might influence their operational process Those observations invite investigating dropin centers used in practice from a design perspective and question adapting architectural applications for humanitarian emerg

Since the 1960s new town developments within large metropolises have been widely adopted to decongest the city centres especially in Asian cities This paper provides a brief account of the liveability dimensions of two new townships developed in large metropolitan areas Senri New Town in Osaka and Purbachal New Town in Dhaka The study primarily draws on master plans of the two developments to identify how the components of the plans reflect the physical social functional and safety dimensions of a proposed liveability framework The methodology combines a review of masters plans with scholar