Nigeria’s arid North West is beset by violence between herders and farmers, which has been compounded by an explosion in criminal activity and infiltration by jihadist groups into the region. The last decade has seen thousands of people killed and hundreds of thousands displaced, with many fleeing into Niger Republic next door. Statelevel peace efforts with several armed factions have had some success, but these will not prove durable unless more actors lay down their weapons.

This handbook contains basic information needed by indigenous peoples to be able to exercise their right to FPIC in the face of mining activities affecting their communities. It can be used as a reference by indigenous communities and civil society organizations in understanding and raising awareness on extractive industries and FPIC.

Over the past 30 years, real GDP in Ghana has more than quadrupled, and in 2011 the country joined the ranks of Lower Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Macroeconomic momentum has been driven in part by higher prices for Ghana’s main commodity exports, gold and cocoa, and the start of commercial oil production. This fits an overall trend that has seen natural resource rents as a percentage of GDP more than double between 1990 and the present; approximately one-half of these rents come from non-renewable sources (oil, mineral, natural gas).

In January this year, the managing director of Papua New Guinea’s Mineral Resources Authority declared that the proposal to develop what had once been touted as the world’s first deep-sea mine would ‘not get off the ground’.

Este informe muestra que dada la falta de limitaciones al uso de de materias primas de riesgo elevado
de deforestación, la ambición mundial actual de aumentar el uso de biocombustibles puede conducir a una mayor deforestación y a aumentos asociados de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El informe presenta escenarios de desarrollo bajo, medio y alto de la demanda de aceite de palma y soja para biocombustibles en el periodo hasta 2030
en las jurisdicciones más relevantes.

Building on the current international discourse and United Nation's System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) this study provides further empirical evidences on how failure to include natural capital resources in national accounting leads to erroneous calculation of macroeconomic estimates. The SEEA methodological framework for integrating natural capital into the System of National Accounts amplifies analytical power of computable general equilibrium (CGE) models and allows to investigate relationship between the economy and the environment.

The recent spate of violence mostly in north-central and southern Nigeria, typically credited to conflicts between herders and farmers, and the reactions, narratives, and representations that have attended them, calls for an examination of core security questions: who or what is to be secured, from what threat and by what means. In fact, it could be further contextualized as: how is the conflict between farmers and herders constructed, framed, and represented as (in)security within the Nigerian context?

Land consolidation is a highly effective land management instrument that allows for the improvement of the structure of agricultural holdings and farms in a country, which increases their economic and social efficiency and brings benefits both to right holders as well as to society in general. Since land consolidation gives mobility to land ownership and other land rights, it may also facilitate the allocation of new areas with specific purposes other than agriculture, such as for public infrastructure or nature protection and restoration.

Concerns over food insecurity in developing countries are reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030. Given that land plays an important role in the livelihoods of most people in developing countries, food security and poverty reduction cannot be achieved unless issues of access to land, security of tenure, and the capacity to use land productively and in a sustainable manner are addressed.

Ardhi Yetu Programme (AYP Plus) is a national land rights advocacy programme that consolidates on-the-ground interventions, while integrating resilience and adaptation. AYP plus utilizes and builds upon the CSO capacity, national forums and joint advocacy platforms developed during the first phase of AYP, to support the overall objective that; active communities and civil society advocate for an inclusive and transparent land sector, strengthening the land tenure security and resilience of small-scale farming and pastoral communities particularly women.

Land degradation is a critical problem around the world. Intensive rain-fed and irrigated crop and livestock systems have contributed to the degradation of land and natural resources.

Over the past 20 years, FAO has played an active role in supporting Armenia’s national development plans and emergency projects aimed at increasing agricultural productivity and improving the country’s food security. The Organization has provided technical assistance ranging from developments in the agriculture sector to fighting transboundary animal diseases, natural resources management, land administration and forestry and fisheries interventions.